An Open Letter To The Nigerian Church

November 9, 2009 by zangodare

by Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

suleaos@gmail.com
09 November 2009

“As we must account for every idle word, so must we account for every idle silence”
. Benjamin Franklin

“You are not only responsible for what you say, but also for what you do not say”- Martin Luther

“Oppression can only survive through silence”.-Carmen de Monteflores

Dear Pastor, Reverend, Bishop, Archbishop, Cardinal, General Overseer, Elder, Minister, Deacon, Deaconess, Apostle, Prophet, Evangelist and my beloved Brothers and Sisters in Christ,

Calvary greetings in the name of our Lord and Saviour JESUS Christ. I hope this letter meets you all in good health; I pray that all may go well with you and your souls are getting along well.

One thousand, nine hundred and fifty-two years ago, Apostle Paul wrote a letter to the Christians at Corinth to address his concerns regarding the activities occurring at the Corinth church. In 1517 AD, nearly one thousand, four hundred and sixty years later, a thirty-four year old Reverend called Martin Luther wrote his famous ‘Ninety-Five Theses’ letter, expressing his dissatisfaction with the abuses of the Roman Catholic clergy.

Coincidentally, in 1963, a thirty-four year old Baptist Minister from Atlanta called Martin Luther King Jnr wrote a letter from a Birmingham jail to eight clergymen in response to the latter’s request for the African American community to suspend their civil disobedience demonstrations. He also highlighted the white church’s apathy towards the plight of the African Americans’ struggle.

I do not consider myself worthy to step into the shoes of these great men of God; nor do I consider myself worthy even to eat the crumbs from the tables of these giants, however, I feel compelled to follow their path and write about some issues that have been a burden to me for the past couple of years.

What is this burden? What has made me follow the pathway of Apostle Paul, Martin Luther and Martin Luther King? I am disturbed about the state of the Nigerian church and I am burdened by the consequence this is having on the effective ministration of the Word of God in Nigeria.

Before I go any further, I would like to introduce myself by answering the following question, which you may want to ask. Who is this person with a Muslim name? Is he still a Muslim? Has he converted to Christianity? Has he accepted JESUS into his life? If he is addressing the church, why have we not heard of him within the church circuit? Is he a minister of God? If he is not a Minister, why is he addressing Anointed Men and Women of God (see Appendix A for a list of some of the  clergies copied)?

By way of introduction, my name is Ahmed Olayinka Sule. I am a sinner (in fact the chief of all sinners) who has been saved by Grace in JESUS. I was born into a Muslim family and had my Damascus Road conversion experience during my high school years. However, shortly after my conversion, I rejected Christ and did not turn back to God until 2000. Though I am not a clergyman, I regard myself as part of the Royal Priesthood, who has been called out of the darkness of sin into the glorious light of my Lord JESUS Christ.

I agree that I may not be the right person to write this open letter, especially as I am not a perfect person. I also know that I am not worthy to even tie the shoelace of the one hundred and fifty clergy copied into this letter.  I also agree that I do not have the moral justification to pen this article. This is especially true as there is nothing good in my sinful nature.  When I want to do what is right, I inevitably do what is wrong, and when I don’t want to do what is wrong, I do it anyway.

However, in the words of King Solomon, there is a time to be silent and there is a time to speak. The time to speak up is now. I have been silent for the past eleven years, and the burden in my heart is bringing to light Martin Luther King’s comment  that  ‘”Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter”.

This letter is written out of my love for the church and is no way meant to cause division within it. I also have the utmost respect for the church leadership and I appreciate the efforts of millions of Christians working towards taking the message of the cross throughout the nation.

You may ask what I mean by the Nigerian Church? After all, the church belongs to Christ and it is not defined by geographical parameters. Agreed.  The audience of this letter, which I have described as the Nigerian Church, falls into four categories. The first comprises of the Christian community based in Nigeria, which includes all the church denominations. The second category comprises of the churches outside of Nigeria, which are affiliated to the church based in Nigeria. This includes branches and parishes of churches headquartered in Nigeria. The third category relates to churches based outside of Nigeria, which are either shepherded by Nigerian pastors or which have a predominately Nigerian congregation. The fourth category comprise of my non-Christian brothers and sisters, some of whom are eager to accept Christ but have been reluctant to make that commitment due to the attitude of the Nigerian Church. There is also a separate section in this letter specifically addressed to my non-Christian brothers and sisters. It is my prayer that by reading this letter they will appreciate that JESUS is the standard by which Christianity should be measured, rather than the fallible nature of man.

In the last twenty years, the Nigerian church movement has experienced significant growth. It has impacted the country positively, as millions of people have been transformed by the life-changing message of our Lord JESUS. There was a time when Christians could not openly share and declare their faith due to the ridicule and persecution they faced. However, thanks to the leadership of the church, this stigma towards Christianity has been greatly reduced. Furthermore, Christianity has a growing influence in Nigeria, which has resulted in the proliferation of filled-up churches. Nigeria has become one of the fastest growing church movements in the world.  The influence of Christ is not only felt inside the church, but also outside of it. Politicians seek the audience of a number of church leaders for prayers, and Christians are at the helm of numerous corporate entities. The church has also played a role in education, with the establishment of church-run schools providing high quality education.

Despite this progress, all is not well with the Nigerian Church. How do I know that all is not well with the Nigerian Church? What is my benchmark ? The benchmark I have used is based on the life of our Lord JESUS and the Word of God. I have also had the opportunity to attend and observe churches run by both Nigerian and non-Nigerian ministers; churches with predominately Nigerian congregation and churches with a small number of Nigerians; churches within Nigeria and churches elsewhere. This variation has provided me the opportunity to evaluate the activities of these churches.

There are four reasons for writing this letter. First, as explained earlier, I am compelled to write out of my love for the Church. I hope that the issues raised in this letter will result in a reassessment of some of our activities in church and will eventually lead to a change in attitude.

Second, I know a number of Christians have been disillusioned with the Nigerian Church. I also know some Christians who do not feel the need to go to church and prefer to worship alone, due to what they observe in the church. Paul urges us not to put any stumbling block in a fellow believer’s way. He also states that “If your brother is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love. Do not by your eating destroy your brother for whom Christ died“. I am compelled to highlight what ‘food’ we as Christians are ‘eating’ that is causing our brothers to stumble.

Third, I have a sense of responsibility to educate my non-Christian brothers and sisters not to use the activities and attitudes of a few people in the body of Christ as a justification to deny the power of Christ. They also need to know that Christ is our benchmark, even if we often fall short of that standard due to our fallible nature.

Finally, I am writing on behalf of the thousands of believers who have not been able to speak up on these issues due to time constraints, apathy, fear, or a general belief that things will remain the same.

Having introduced myself and explained the basis my writing to you, I would like to discuss five issues that have compelled me to write this letter – namely:

•    The Sheep and the Shepherd
•    Accountability & Responsibility
•    Unity In the Church
•    Teaching/Doctrines/Activities
•    Social Justice

1. The Sheep and the Shepherd

The activities of some of the spiritual leaders in the Nigerian church have come under a lot of scrutiny in recent years. On the whole, church leaders are doing a good job in line with the word of God, however, there are a few outliers that buck the trend. As the scripture says, a little yeast works through the whole batch of dough, and this is a fitting metaphor for the ridicule brought to the church as a result of the activities of some of the clergy.

One area of concern is the excessive grip that a number of clergy have over the congregation. In some instances, the clergy (who are just human and messengers of Christ) are feared and respected more than our Lord JESUS Christ. I strongly believe that the messenger cannot be greater than the message, but this does apply to most sections of the Nigerian church.

Scripture tells us that when JESUS died on the cross at Calvary, the veil was split in two. As a result of his death, we were granted access into the Holy of Holies through the redemptive power in the blood of JESUS. The bible makes it very clear that we should boldly enter the throne of God [Hebrew 4:16]. Due to JESUS’ sacrificial death, we can now confidently approach God through our Lord JESUS without having to go through any other intermediary. JESUS also says that He is the Way and the light and that no one can approach the Father except through Him.

However, a large number of us are not confident enough to approach God directly through JESUS. Instead, we prefer to go through the clergy in order to access God. Some of us even believe that our prayers will not be answered until it is agreed with or backed by a man or woman of God. It is well documented that people spend hundreds of thousands of Naira, and sometimes thousands of pounds, to travel the length and breadth of the world to chase one man of God or other in order to receive spiritual blessing. It is not unusual for a seventy five year old man to call a pastor of thirty years of age ‘daddy’, ‘mummy’, ‘papa’ or ‘mama’.

I agree that it is sometimes necessary to approach the clergy to agree with us in prayers on a certain issue or to seek their counsel. However, this should be the exception rather than the rule. By chasing the clergy all the time, we are putting unnecessary pressure on them.  We, the congregation, need to realise that the work of the clergy is not an easy job. They spend a lot of time fasting, praying and seeking the face of God. They also have to prepare for their sermons and once they have finished the service they end up spending hours attending to a lengthy queue of people gathered outside their office seeking counsel or prayers. We also need to be considerate and realise that they also have families to cater for. Furthermore, the Psalmist tells us that it is better to put your confidence in God rather than in man.

There are two contributory factors that have led to this issue. The cultural influence and the lack of a proper understanding of the reconciliatory power in the Blood of JESUS. I will address the first factor.

A positive aspect of the African society is the respect granted to elders; whether it is our parents, uncles, neighbours, teachers etc. This is also reflected in our history – for instance, the monarchy system in most parts of the country, where the King had absolute authority, and his counsel was sought on all issues. Furthermore, long before the advent of Christianity in Nigeria, the ’Babalawo’ (witch doctor) played an important role in the lives of the people. People would seek his counsel on a range of issues including marriage, children, family problems etc. He was seen as the direct representative of god on earth. In order to hear from their idols, people would approach the ‘Babalawo’ in order to know the mind of their gods. Unfortunately, this tradition has now crept into the church, whereby the clergy have now assumed the role of the ‘Babalawo’.

The Word of God tells us to respect people in authority. I also understand that the clergy has been placed by God to shepherd his people. However, we need to be aware that there is a thin line between respect and hero-worship. What constitutes respect? What constitutes hero-worship? Respect is when one approaches a Minister to agree with him in prayer on a specific issue, while hero-worship is when one thinks that without the minister’s agreement, God will not answer his prayers. Respect is when a family seeks spiritual guidance from a minister, while hero-worship is when the wife or husband thinks that the minister is the spiritual head of the home. Respect is when you seek a minister’s advice on a particular decision, while hero worship is when you cannot make a decision until the minister has sanctioned it.

In a number of Christian homes, the pastors have become the head of the homes and have usurped the roles of parents and husbands. In most instances, this intrusion is not the fault of the clergy – after all, this would not have happened if the couple had a proper understanding of their authority in Christ. Thankfully, the clergy are men and women of integrity so this unnecessary intrusion is the exception. However, in a few instances, some manipulative characters take advantage of the situation and cause havoc within the family structure. It is well documented that a number of homes have been ruined as a result of these intrusions. For instance, frictions and divisions have been created between parents and children, husband and wives, daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law as a result of the intrusive nature of some of these men of God. The activities of some of these ministers are contrary to the example set by our Lord JESUS who went about restoring rather than breaking relationships.

In some extreme cases, some men of God are known to take advantage of gullible female members of the congregation. Unfortunately, because these people do not know their authority in Christ, they find it difficult to rebuff the sexual advances of these wolves in sheep clothing. Sometimes, these so called men of God tell these vulnerable ladies that it is not against the will of God for them to sleep with a man of God. Although this occurrence is rare, however the church leadership should expose and disgrace any pastor found conducting such activities.

My heart also bleeds whenever I meet people who cannot make informed decisions without the sanction or approval of their pastors. Important, life-changing decisions about marriage, education, career, business etc. have been outsourced to pastors. It is time for the body of Christ to pass through the torn veil left at the foot of the cross of Calvary and boldly approach JESUS on his heavenly throne and make their petition known directly to him.

Another area of concern is that a number of pastors have been giving financial advice to the congregation, even when it is outside the pastor’s area of expertise. For instance, during the Nigerian stock market bubble of the past couple of years, a number of pastors advised their congregation to join the bandwagon and invest in the Nigerian capital market. In giving out this advice, the pastors failed to educate the congregation on the risk factors associated with investing in the capital market. Furthermore, they did not explain the fundamental drivers of these asset prices. Unfortunately, since the clergy’s statements are never questioned (for reasons which I have explained earlier), some members of the congregation took positions in these overinflated asset classes. The result of acting on this advice was sorrow ,tears and financial ruin due to the market correction.

This situation was not only restricted to the Nigerian capital market. In the UK, in spite of an overheated housing market bubble, a number of ministers based in the UK encouraged their congregation to take out mortgages in order to take advantage of the bubble in the real estate sector. Like their Nigerian counterparts, the ministers failed to consider the risk factors and the personal financial circumstances of the congregation. There were instances in which the congregations were advised to remortgage their properties in the UK and use the proceeds to invest in Nigeria. In financial terms, this is what is called a ‘carry trade’ whereby an investor borrows money at a low interest rate in a foreign currency (say Pounds Sterling) and invests the proceeds in assets of a high yielding currency (the Naira). Since this strategy involves excessive use of leverage (debt), an investor can suffer significant loss if the carry trade unwinds. Unfortunately, this risk was not explained to the congregation. As a result of yielding to this advice, a number of people took on mortgages they could not afford and are now facing the twin tragedy of bankruptcy and homelessness.

I suggest that pastors should not give financial advice to the congregation, especially when it is outside the pastor’s area of expertise. If, however, they insist on giving it,  they should issue the necessary disclaimers and explain the risks involved. Furthermore, we as the congregation should seek financial advice from professionally qualified financial advisors.

An action that is pervasive in some areas of the Christian community is the issue of ministers placing curses on congregation members who challenge or criticize their decisions. Quite often, the threat of a curse or the fear of a threat is enough to make that member of congregation follow the line of the pastor. This is quite sad and is not in line with Roman 12:14, which tells us to bless and not to curse.

Does what I say regarding the activities of some of the clergy amount to heresy? Am I disobeying the biblical instruction, which says “touch not my anointed and do my prophets no harm”? Am I guilty of behaving like the four children who mocked Elisha by calling him “a bald head”?

I do not think so, for several reasons. First, I am not causing harm to the prophets, as what I am doing is out of genuine love and I want the church to be more effective in drawing people to the Kingdom of God. Second, it is not unscriptural for anointed men of God to be rebuked when they stray away from the word of God. From scripture we know that God anointed King Saul. We also know that David obeyed this word when he did not kill Saul, even though he had an opportunity to do so. However, in spite of the anointing upon Saul’s life, that did not stop David from speaking against the wrongful deeds of King Saul. Furthermore, in spite of the anointing of King Saul, Samuel still reprimanded Saul for not obeying his instruction. Moreover, even Apostle Paul challenged Peter when he felt that Peter was not acting in accordance with the scriptures. Third, the basis of my observation is the word of God, which is the truth. John Locke put it right when he said “The Bible is one of the greatest blessings bestowed by God on the children of men. It has God for its author; salvation for its end, and truth without any mixture for its matter. It is all pure “

Fourth, the anointed of the Lord is not only restricted to the clergy but to all who have accepted JESUS Christ as their Lord and personal saviour. I John 2: 20 makes it very clear: “But you have an anointing from the Holy One, and all of you know the truth”. For anyone who may think that I have disobeyed God’s command regarding Psalm 105:15, I would like to ask the three questions: Are we to say touch not my anointed if a man of God curses his congregation? Are we to say touch not my anointed if a woman of God causes a separation between a couple?; Are we to say touch not my anointed if a man of God gives a false prophesy that causes a son to abandon his aged parents?

2. Accountability & Responsibility

A second disturbing factor is the lack of accountability in a number of Nigerian churches. It is not uncommon for churches to be run as the private property of the founders or leaders. If the church does not demonstrate accountability and transparency, how can the church be effective in advocating transparency within the wider Nigerian community?

There needs to be improved transparency and accountability in church especially as a significant source of the cash flow for the church comes from the contribution of the congregation of the church. Because of their contribution, the congregation needs to know, periodically, how their contribution has been put to use. Unlike shareholders that expect a return on their investment in the form of dividend or capital appreciation, congregation members need to be sure of the following: that the church funding has been used to run the church effectively; that resources are going towards growing the kingdom of God; that the church is reaching out to the community.

This issue of accountability is very important, as there have been instances in the past where a lack of accountability has brought shame to the body of Christ. A high profile case was the issue relating to the alleged misappropriation of funds for Pastor Hinn’s crusade, which gained worldwide attention and put the Nigerian Christian community in a negative light.

There is also an emerging trend of the church levying the congregation to fund the luxuries of the church leadership. I agree that it necessary for the church to fund the needs of the church leadership, especially pastors working on a full time basis. Furthermore, the bible makes it clear that a worker is worthy of his wages. While funding the church leaders necessities is justified, asking the congregation to fund the luxuries of the leader is not only morally repugnant, but also socially unjust. This levy on the congregation does not make any moral sense, especially as it is levied in a country where, on average, 34% of the population lives on less than $1 per day.

Rather than taxing the congregation to fund the luxuries of the leaders, Christian leaders should follow the example of our Lord JESUS who, despite being the King of kings, chose to ride into Jerusalem on a gentle donkey rather than on an elegant Roman horse. It is time for the clergy to see their calling as a form of servant hood towards the body of Christ and not as a means to fund a flamboyant lifestyle.

Another area that needs improvement is the monitoring of the flow of funds into the church. Since the church is a tax-exempt organisation, it owes the government a responsibility to ensure that anybody who places ill-gotten money through the church system is exposed and reported to the authorities.  There have been instances in the past whereby people have stolen funds running into tens of millions of Naira and placed these criminal proceeds in the church to fund church capital expenditures. The church should arise and reject these illegal funds. Furthermore, the church should institute anti-money laundering procedures to mitigate and prevent a recurrence of the placement of criminal proceeds in the church.

The church also has a responsibility to ensure that its activity does not inconvenience the general public. One area that needs further consideration is the traffic bottleneck that occurs at the Lagos–Sagamu Axis of the Lagos Ibadan Express Way resulting from some church events. Admittedly, a number of churches have put some effort towards reducing the traffic bottleneck, however, this is not enough. The churches have the right to organise events and crusades on their property whether along the expressway or on the mainland. However, along with that freedom also comes a responsibility to ensure that its activities do not cause traffic that disrupts other passengers’ journey on the express. A journey between Lagos and Sagamu that should ideally take 45 minutes occasionally sometimes takes eight to twelve hours during these church programmes. The result of the church activities brings untold hardship on the passengers traveling along the expressway. Furthermore, many passengers are not happy with the churches for causing traffic on the expressway and this could hinder the effective ministration of the gospel in the country.

On a personal note, my father, who is over 70 years and is still mourning the loss of my mother, was recently trapped in the traffic for over six hours because a church was having a crusade along the expressway. He was greatly distressed, and as a Christian I found it impossible to justify the attitude of the church towards his plight. I also know of another person who missed her father’s burial due to the traffic caused as a result of a church programme near the expressway. Apart from my personal stories, there are thousands of other people who have miserable stories to tell, such as brides missing their weddings, corpses being trapped in traffic and people developing high blood pressure while in traffic.

As Christians, we need to spare a thought for those people trapped in traffic as a result of our crusades and vigils, and do everything possible to mitigate the hardship faced by travelers. If JESUS was holding a crusade on the expressway and was informed by Peter that there were thousands of people trapped in traffic due to his crusade, JESUS would have compassion for those passengers and would make provision to make sure that no one suffered. Since we are all followers of Christ, let us do what JESUS would do.

3. Unity In the Church

Just like the church in Corinth, a number of Nigerian Churches are divided along the lines of the church leaders and denominations. While some say they are Pentecostal, others say they are Apostolic, some say they are Anglicans , while others say they are Methodist and the list goes on and on. This division is not only between different churches, but also between parishes of the same church, whereby members boast of the spiritual superiority of their church relative to other parishes. I recollect hearing somebody describe another branch of her own church as the  ‘funny version’ of her own parish. The division in the church is partly caused by lack of knowledge and also by a number of leaders who want to build personal empires.

Spiritual arrogance is also pervasive in our community, with a number Christians arrogating that their pastors have a monopoly on the knowledge and mystery of the scriptures. It is not unusual to hear them say, “My pastor is ‘worded’” or “come to my church where you will really learn the scriptures”.

‘Evangelism of the converted’ is another evidence of this lack of unity. What do I mean by  ‘evangelism of the converted’? It is when born-again Christian ‘A’ goes about preaching to another Christian ‘B’ to leave her or his church and join the church of Christian ‘A’. Evangelism of the converted is not an effective approach to expand the Kingdom of God. The time and effort spent preaching to the converted should be channeled towards those that need to accept JESUS. After all our Lord JESUS made it very clear that he came to seek and save those that were lost.

Paul put it right when he said that we are the body of Christ, and each one of us is a part of it. If Paul is correct, then all the different church denominations are all part of the body of JESUS Christ, who is the true head of the Church.  Since we are all one in Christ, then why the division in the church?

It is time for us to put aside this ‘Paul’, ‘Apollos’ and ‘Cephas’ division and work towards unity in Christ. What would Nigeria be like if the churches unite to organise a week of evangelism on the streets of Lagos? What would the country be like if the churches unite to organise a prayer walk round the capital of all the states of Nigeria? What would the country be like if  the churches unite to make politicians accountable for their electoral promises? Surely Nigeria will be a better place.

So let us focus less on the things that divide us and concentrate on what unites us.

4. Teaching/Doctrines/Activities

Another area that I would address is the doctrine and activities of our churches.

Speaking generally, most of the doctrines of our churches are in accordance with the word of God. However, some aspects of the churches’ doctrines, teachings and activities need to be more properly aligned with the Word of God. In other instances, the preacher may need to emphasis certain aspects of the gospel more often.

Before discussing these doctrines and activities, I would like to address an attitude that needs to change in our community. I am concerned that we Christians sometimes do not imbibe the attitude of the Berean Christians who not only listened to Paul’s message, but also searched the scriptures to ensure that what he said was in line with the word of God. It is very common for us to say “x, y and z is correct because Pastor said so in church”. I have had conversations with a number of people on certain areas of the scripture and when I ask for the scriptural basis, I am told that the pastor said so in church. This attitude increases the risk of the congregation being misinformed if a pastor’s teaching is wrong. There is also a risk that heretic teachings could go undetected.

Christians should strive to independently search the scriptures to ensure that the pastor’s teachings are in line with scriptures. Furthermore, the congregation should feel free to discuss any concerns regarding a misaligned doctrine or message with the clergy without the fear of being cursed or tagged confrontational. Likewise, the preacher should also be open to constructive criticism regarding any message or doctrine that is not in line with the word of God.

I will now go into specific aspects of the misaligned doctrines, teachings and activities:

a)    Gifts and Fruits of The Spirit: While a lot of teaching has been done on the various gifts of the spirit, less teaching has been done on the fruits of the spirit. The gifts of the spirit are very important for the effective functioning of the body of Christ. We are also instructed by Paul to eagerly desire these gifts.

However, one cannot emphasis the gifts without also emphasizing the fruits of the spirit mentioned in Galatians 5:22 which include love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness. If we can exhibit the fruits of the Spirit in addition to the gifts of the Spirit, the church would be more effective in changing attitudes in Nigeria. This is because when a non-Christian sees that we exhibit the fruits of the Spirit, he/she will be convinced and would be willing to listen to us. Our Lord JESUS makes it very clear that it is to God’s glory that we bear many fruits and show ourselves to be his disciples.

b)    The Hand of God and the Face of God: One area of teaching that has been overemphasized is the prosperity message. Before going further, I would like to state my stance regarding the prosperity message. First, I believe that it is God’s plan for us to prosper and this is stated throughout scripture from Genesis up to Revelations. Second, I believe that the church has a duty to preach this message of prosperity to world. Third, I believe that God instructs us to tithe and that there are blessings associated with tithing. Fourth, I believe that God is ready to take care not only of our spiritual needs, but he is also ready to take care of our physical needs.

However, the teaching regarding prosperity has been asymmetric. There now appears to be a view that there is a strong correlation between godliness and wealth. I have attended church services where the preachers teach that poverty is a sin. Moreover, in some services, people who make higher contributions towards the church are publicly acknowledged and singled out for blessing by the minister. This act obviously is in contradiction with how JESUS viewed the contribution of the rich people and the poor widow. Our Lord JESUS looked beyond the value contributed by the wealthy, who gave out of their abundance, but rather looked at the heart of the poor widow who gave with a pure heart.

On the area of sowing and reaping, the congregation is taught to sow into the kingdom in order to reap materially. By overemphasizing the sowing and reaping principle, the congregation could be encouraged to give to God in the expectation of material blessings, rather than to give with a pure heart. If, however, God chooses to delay the blessing for a season, there is a risk that the giver becomes disillusioned. In addition, it will encourage people to go to any extent to acquire ill-gotten wealth in order to give to the church, with the expectation that God will reward them for the seeds sown into God’s kingdom.

Furthermore, there is an overemphasis on financial prosperity, while other aspects of prosperity such as health, unity peace etc. are not addressed. It is important to teach the congregation that prosperity does not only exist in financial terms.

We all agree that JESUS spoke about riches, money, talents and coins, however, we need to look at the context in which he used these words. Contrary to the teachings by some pastors that a sizeable part of JESUS’ teaching related to financial matters, an analysis of JESUS’ teaching reveals otherwise. When JESUS mentioned riches, he spoke about people who refused to mature spiritually due to their concern for riches and pleasure. When JESUS mentioned money he said, “you can’t worship two gods at once – God and money”. When JESUS mentioned talents he taught us the rewards and consequences for using or not using what he has entrusted to us. When JESUS mentioned coins he gave us an analogy between a lost coin that has been found and a sinner that has been saved.

c)    Treatment of the Rich and Poor: As a result of the above, the Church tends to celebrate the success of the wealthy and the influential. The rich and powerful are given undue attention. They have access to the clergy and are allowed to seat on the prominent seats in church. Unfortunately, the reverse is the case for those less well-off in society. The poor are sometimes made to feel that their poverty is the result of their failure to fulfill God’s plan for their lives. When it comes to ordaining ministers, deacons and elders, sometimes wealth, influence and career become determining factors.

Should the rich and powerful get all the attention? Should eloquence, fame, and wealth be a basis for church leadership? In order to answer these questions, let us go to the word of God.  When JESUS selected his disciples, he did not use financial weight or influence as a basis for selection. Neither did the eloquence of educational status play an important role. Paul in his letter to Timothy specified several attributes that should be taken into consideration when selecting church leaders. His list did not mention influence, wealth or career, rather he said leaders should be self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, gentle and free from the love of money.

Due to the celebration of the rich in most of our churches, the congregations are often motivated to get rich quickly, at any cost. This has lead to Christians falling into the trap of the love and lust for money. It is not unusual to see Christians preoccupied with the quest of ‘making it big’. One can hardly have a decent conversation with most Christians without them talking about money, contracts, deals or connection most of the time. Some pastors are also known to strike deals and sometimes take the short cuts in order to acquire wealth. Paul puts it right when he say that people who want to get rich could fall into the temptation and traps, which could lead to destruction and ruin. Furthermore, President Obama’s comment that “Focusing your life solely on making a buck shows a certain poverty of ambition. It asks too little of yourself. Because it’s only when you hitch your wagon to something larger than yourself that you realize your true potential” is something that we should ponder on.

When preaching about prosperity, teachers need to emphasise the risk of the love of money in order to discourage people from carrying out ungodly activities in order to get rich.

d)     Workers in the vineyard: For the church to run effectively, it is important for people to volunteer for the Kingdom of God. As part of that process, the workers need to be adequately equipped to carry out their responsibilities. One important way of equipping volunteers is through training. This training process is carried out regularly in our churches. Sometimes the requirement to become a worker is so stringent that it defeats the whole purpose. For instance, people are required to report to church very early in the morning and if they are late for whatever reason, they are sometimes publicly ridiculed or dismissed from the workforce. This requirement is difficult for married couples who have to get up early, wake up the kids, bathe them, clothe them and prepare their food. All while trying to rush to church to beat the deadline.

The difficulty of the training regime to become a worker has two effects. First, it discourages people that have a desire to serve the Church. This  denies the body of Christ a vast resource of willing, talented volunteers. Second, the strict regime often leads to a situation where people no longer view their service as part of the advancement of God’s Kingdom, but rather as a way of complying with man-made laws.

The Church should encourage willing volunteers to use their skills and talents for God’s kingdom by relaxing the drastic volunteer requirement.

e)    Ring/No Ring: There is a lot of discrimination in the churches against people who are not married. Just as widows were discriminated against during the time of Paul, the unmarried are now discriminated against in a number of churches. The unmarried are labeled as ‘singles’ in a condescending manner. The unmarried are also made to feel that they are not fulfilling God’s purpose for their lives. The church leadership plays a part in fuelling this form of segregation. It is not unusual to listen to messages, which state implicitly or explicitly that ‘singles’ have problems or ‘singles’ are possessed by an evil spirit or that ‘singles’ are not praying enough.

The unmarried members of the congregation are often isolated within the church and pressured to join the ‘singles’ fellowship; as a result there is often no integration in the church between the unmarried and the married.

This marital apartheid has two effects. The first is to make some of the married people suspicious of the unmarried members of the church. For instance a number of married women in church become very suspicious of unmarried girls, thinking that they want to snatch their husbands. The second effect is that it puts unnecessary pressure on the unmarried to get married at any cost. This often leads to the unmarried entering into unproductive relationships in order to join the ‘elite married’ group in the church. Could this be a contributory factor to the rising divorce rate in the country?

As King Solomon put it, there is a time for everything under the sun. Just as there is a time to get married, there is a time to be single. Rather than degrade the unmarried in the congregation, the Church should work towards making effective use of the unmarried. After all it was the Apostle Paul who said that  “An unmarried woman is concerned about the Lord’s affairs: Her aim is to be devoted to the Lord in both body and spirit. But a married woman is concerned about the affairs of this world—how she can please her husband”.

Just as there is no difference between Jews and Gentiles, there is no difference between the married and the unmarried, as the same Lord is Lord of all and richly blesses all who call on him, whether married or not.

Moreover, there is a disturbing trend in which some of the church leaders determine the timing for people to get married. This usually occurs when the pastor instructs unmarried ladies who are committed in the church to wait for years before granting them permission to get married. Sometimes the pastor determines whom these ladies can marry. In other instances, church members are pressured to marry within their congregation and if any member is engaged to someone outside the church, strategies are put in place to frustrate the relationship.

The activities of these pastors’ amounts to an unnecessary intrusion into people’s privacy and the sooner this practice stops, the better.
5. Social Justice

In the area of social justice, the Nigerian Church still has more work to do. Before going further, I would like to provide the scriptural basis on why the Church needs to get more involved in social justice. From the Old to the New Testament, reference is made to the need to maintain justice. For instance, the Psalmist pronounced a blessing on those that maintain justice. Furthermore, scriptures tell us that the righteous should care about justice for the poor. We also learn that our Lord JESUS was a strong advocate for justice. He admonished the teachers of the law for neglecting justice. The book of Isaiah tells us that the Lord loves justice. Since we are children of the Lord, we have no choice but to also fight for and maintain justice. Fighting against injustice is a key ingredient in demonstrating love of Christ and an effective form of witnessing the gospel.

Throughout history, the church has been at the forefront of speaking against injustice. In the 17th century the Quakers played an important role in the campaign against the transatlantic slave trade. In the 1960’s the church played a leadership role in the civil rights movement, which eventually lead to the dismantling of the segregation structures in the United States.  Most of the well-known charities such as Oxfam, Amnesty International, and Christian Aid, are heavily influenced by Christian principles. Furthermore, Florence Nightingale was influenced by the teachings of our Lord JESUS to leave behind her wealthy upbringing to take care of the poor and the wounded.

In Nigeria, the churches have done some laudable things such as building of schools, homeless homes, in addition to prison visitation etc. However, more still needs to be done.

There are two areas I would discuss in relation to the Church’s apparent apathy towards social justice, namely:  the church’s response to political misgovernance, and its response to the abuse of children accused of witchcraft .

Misgovernance

The church has a role to play in engaging with the political classes on issues relating to the welfare of the country. When the activities of the political classes conflict with those of the citizenry and the Word of God, the church should be the vanguard of fighting for the oppressed. The church should also put pressure on the government to improve its governance. A particular area of misgovernance that the church needs to be more actively engaged is in the fight against corruption. This is because the high level of corruption in Nigeria is not good for the country’s image and it also leads to the redistribution of wealth of the nation from the ‘have’s not to the ‘haves’.

The church can play a crucial role in influencing policies for the betterment of the people, especially since some church leaders have access to the political leadership of Nigeria. A number of politicians attend church programmes and are often allowed to address the congregation. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for politicians to visit some church leaders for ‘spiritual protection’ and prayers. Unfortunately, in spite of this access, the church has been relatively silent on the misuse of power by the political classes.

In the days of the Old Testament, God sent the prophets to relay his messages to kings, especially those who misruled and contravened God’s laws. For instance, Samuel told King Saul that because he had rejected the Word of the Lord, the Lord had rejected Saul as King of Israel. Since God is a just God, he is not happy when the rulers of the land oppress his people and carry out activities contrary to his will. The Church leadership, especially those that have access to politicians, should be more confident in relaying God’s message and judgment. The clergy should emulate John the Baptist, who reproved King Herod for having an affair with his brother’s wife, even though the warning was at the risk of John’s life.

Rather than being consoled by the silence of the Church, the political classes should be disturbed by the Church’s insistence for justice. Now that the Church leadership has unprecedented access to the politicians, now is time for the Church leadership to be bold enough to deliver God’s messages to the rulers of the land.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as Samuel who was not afraid to tell King Saul “Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, he has rejected you as king”.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as Nathan who was not afraid to tell King David “Why did you despise the word of the LORD by doing what is evil in his eyes?”.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as Elijah who was not afraid to tell King Ahab “You’ve dumped God’s ways and commands and run off after the local gods, the Baals”.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as Daniel who was not afraid to tell King Nebuchadnezzar “You will be driven away from people and will live with the wild animals; you will eat grass like cattle and be drenched with the dew of heaven”.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as Jeremiah who was not afraid to tell King Zedekiah “Thus saith the LORD behold, I will give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon”.

Now is time for the Church leaders to be as bold as JESUS who was not afraid to tell King Herod “You fox, I will drive out demons and heal people today and tomorrow, and on the third day I will reach my goal”.


Child Witches

The second issue I would discuss is the abuse of children accused of witchcraft in certain parts of the country. On this issue, most of the churches fall into one of two categories: either as an active participant in the abuse of these children or a passive accessory to the abuse.

Active Participation:
A number of churches have been labeling children witches and blaming people’s misfortune on the activities of these innocent children. As a result, these children are beaten up, publicly disgraced, ostracized from their family, and sometimes killed. In other cases, they are bathed with acid, hit with machetes and publicly stoned. Some churches even defile God’s sanctuary by chaining and torturing these kids inside the house of the Lord. According to campaigners against the practice, about 15,000 children have been accused in two of Nigeria’s 36 states over the past decade and 1,000 have been murdered.

Between 1888 and 1915, a Christian Missionary by the name of Mary Slessor worked tirelessly to end the barbaric practice of killing twins in Nigeria, however, almost one hundred years later, Christians (who worship the same God as Mary Slessor)  are now involved in the killing and torturing of so called child witches. How depressing.

These abuses have brought shame to the Church. For instance, the website of Stepping Stones (an organization responsible for rehabilitating children accused of witchcraft) states: “Stepping Stones Nigeria does not wish to denounce any faith organisation. However the role of the church, especially some of the new Pentecostals, in spreading the belief in child witches cannot be underestimated. There are numerous so-called pastors in the region who are wrongly branding children as ‘witches’ mainly for economic self gain and personal recognition.” Some of us may flinch at this statement and accuse Stepping Stones of insulting the Church. However, if we must be honest, what they have stated is the truth.

Here are some other headlines and comments relating to the issue, which I have gathered from the global press:

Churches Denounce African Children as ”witches”

“Nigeria Pastors Deem Children Witches Leading to Death and Carnage”

“Christians” Kill Child “Witches” Don’t They?

“’Bishop’ who claimed he’d killed 110 child ‘witches’ is arrested …”

“It is an outrage what they are allowing to take place in the name of Christianity,”

“Christianity in the Niger Delta is seriously questionable, putting a traditional religion together with Christian religion – and it makes nonsense out of it”

“Evangelical pastors are helping to create a terrible new campaign of violence against young Nigerians”

Passive Participation
: The second way in which the Church has participated in this detestable act is through our passive association. The majority of the churches fall into this category. What do I mean by passive participation? We participate passively when we remain silent when this gross injustice is carried out against children.  We participate passively when fail to call the perpetrators of this act to order. We participate passively when we fail to show compassion to the abused children.

The church needs to answer these questions:

Where was the church when Nwanaokwo Edet’s Pastor accused him of witchcraft thereby resulting in his father killing him with acid?

Where was the church when Samuel, Esther and Sarah’s parents abandoned them after a prophetess claimed that they were witches?

Where was the church when two sisters named Victoria and Helen accused of witchcraft  were left alone in an old shack to survive by eating leaves and grass?

Where was the church when nails were driven into the head of nine-year-old Etido, who was accused of witchcraft?

Where was the church when some villagers nearly severed the arms of twelve-year-old Udo, also accused of witchcraft?

WHERE ON EARTH WAS THE CHURCH WHEN ALL OF THESE ATROCITIES WERE COMMITTED?

Now let’s go back to the scripture and see what our Lord JESUS has to say about children. First of all we are all instructed to have a childlike character. In fact JESUS makes it very clear that unless we change and become like little children, we cannot enter the Kingdom of Heaven. Secondly, when the disciples tried to prevent children from accessing JESUS, he rebuked the disciples and told them not to hinder the kids. Unfortunately, the activities of the Nigerian Church in this regard has alienated these children from approaching JESUS, and we will be held accountable for this if we do not speak out. Finally JESUS said in Matthew 18 verse 6 “But if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea”.

We may argue that we are not guilty of these atrocities since we did not drive the nail into the head of Etido, or severe the arms of Udo or bath Nwanaokwo with acid; however, since we keep silent, we are just as guilty. Martin Luther King once said “The ultimate tragedy is not the oppression and cruelty by the bad people but the silence over that by the good people”. This statement applies to the Church and it is time for us to wake up and fight against injustice in whatever form, because if we keep silent then we are co-operating with it.

So let us pay attention to social justice and avoid being like the Pharisees so that JESUS will not tell us: “You keep meticulous account books, tithing on every Naira and Kobo you get, but on the meat of God’s Law, things like justice and compassion and commitment—the absolute basics!—you carelessly take it or leave it”.

Am I a Radical?

Having read the issues raised in this letter, some may label me as a radical. Though, I would not describe myself as a radical, neither would I like to be tagged as a radical, however upon second thought, I might gain a measure of satisfaction from the label, if it would lead to a reformation in the Nigerian Church. Was Martin Luther King not a radical for justice: “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.” Was David not a radical for the house of the Lord:“ I will dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of my life.” Is Obama not a radical for change: “This victory alone is not the change we seek. It is only the chance for us to make that change.” Throughout the course of history, there are times when we need radicals for change.

Message to my Non-Christian Brother and Sisters

Thanks for having the patience to reach this part of my letter. Before I round up, I feel that I should devote this section of the letter to you. You may wonder why I have copied you in this letter, especially as you are not born-again Christians. It is a valid question to ask, but I think I would be doing a great injustice in not copying you in.

I know that some of you may be disillusioned with the activities of what I will call a minute segment of the church. However, that cannot be used as a basis to reject Christ or to disregard Christianity. For instance, just as we cannot use the activities of a few corrupt bankers as basis to describe every Nigerian banker or Nigerian as corrupt; similarly we can’t use what is going on in our churches to describe Christianity.

I would like to explain what Christianity is about from two perspectives, namely our paradigm and religion.

Paradigm: We are called Christian because we are followers of JESUS Christ our Lord and Saviour. I repeat again, we are FOLLOWERS OF CHRIST.  JESUS Christ is our paradigm and as Christians, we aspire to emulate his behavior. However, because JESUS is perfect and committed no sin, it is impossible for us to emulate him. Fortunately, because JESUS knew of our fallibility, he came to earth and took on our sins. Though Christ never sinned, God treated him as a sinner, so that Christ could make us acceptable to God.

You may observe that certain things may not be right with the Church. You may even question the validity of Christianity. However, remember that JESUS is our standard and model. We may not always meet up to this high standard, but this still does not deny the power of our Lord. As we the Church strive to be more Christ-like, remember what JESUS stands for. JESUS stands for justice, JESUS stands for righteousness, JESUS stands for compassion, JESUS stands for hope and JESUS stands for Love.

Religion: Christianity in its true form is more than a religion. It is more than the magnificent church buildings; it is more than the lifestyle of the pastor. Christianity is about a personal relationship with our Lord JESUS. When evaluating Christianity, look at JESUS Christ. When JESUS was here on earth, he also had an issue with religion, which is often burdened with man-made rules and doctrines that drive people away from God instead of drawing them near.

I will give you an example from JESUS’ time on earth. There was a woman who was caught in the act of adultery and at the time she was supposed to be sentenced to death, according to the religious law. The religious people brought the woman to JESUS and wanted to know his opinion on the matter. However, rather than condemn the woman and judge her with the religious law, he challenged the religious people by telling them that if they had committed no sin , then they should throw a stone at the woman. Since the religious people were not clean, they left the woman alone. JESUS then told the woman that he does not condemn her and he forgave her sins. From this story, you can learn what Christianity is all about, it is about restoration of our relationship with JESUS and our justification through JESUS resurrection and it not about man-made rules.

If there is one thing that you should remember, sorry I mean two things to remember, they are: First what you see going on in some of our churches is not a reflection of what Christianity is all about, and second and more important: JESUS loves you.

Conclusion

Never in my life have I written such a lengthy letter. If you have been able to reach this part of the letter, please accept my apology if it has taken much of your precious and valuable time. It should have been shorter, but I have been carrying this burden for almost eleven years and I have reached a stage that has left me with no choice but to express my concerns through this medium.

I would like to reiterate that I have no intention whatsoever to cause division or confusion within the Church. I have come to the point of writing this letter because my conscience leaves me with no other choice. This letter is borne out of my love for JESUS Christ and for the Church for which he gave his precious life .

As I have earlier explained to my non-Christian brothers and sisters, we as Christians are the followers of Christ. As a result, we have a responsibility to ensure that the Church is effective in witnessing to the non-Christians. Effective witnessing can only be achieved if the people we are preaching to can see the fruits of JESUS in our lives.

So when we do things, let’s pause for a second and ask ourselves the question, ‘What would JESUS do in a similar circumstances?’ For instance, would JESUS remain silent when a nail is pieced through Etido’s head? Would JESUS discriminate against the unmarried in his church? Would JESUS accept criminal proceeds as tithe and offerings? Would JESUS give undue attention to the rich in his midst, while ignoring the poor? Would JESUS ignore the plight of passengers caught in traffic due to a crusade organized by JESUS? Would JESUS enjoy the luxuries of life, while his congregation wallow in abject poverty? Would JESUS wine and dine with corrupt political leaders without pronouncing the judgment of God upon them? Would JESUS publicly ridicule a mother for coming late to church? Would JESUS curse any of his disciples or congregation who disagrees with his viewpoint? Answering these questions should guide us on our Christian journey.

I would like to close by imagining what Paul would have said if he decided to write to the Nigerian church rather than the church at Corinth. I guess it may go along these lines: If I have fifty thousand church branches scattered all over the world, but no love, then I am like an ant colony; If I have twenty million people attending my crusades, but no love, then I am like a mega pop star; If I make the blind to see, the deaf to hear and the lame to walk, but have no love, then I am like an amalgamation of an Ophthalmologist, Otolaryngologist and an Orthopedic surgeon; If I can quote the scriptures from beginning to the end and from the end to the beginning, but I have no love, then I am like an IBM Roadrunner Supercomputer.

SO LET US ALL DEMONSTRATE THE LOVE OF CHRIST.

If I have written anything in this letter that overstates the truth of what is going on in the Nigerian church, I plead for your forgiveness. If, however, I have written anything that understates the truth of what is going on in the Nigerian church, I plead for the Lord’s forgiveness.

Keep the faith.

Your fellow citizen of the Household of God

Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA
suleaos@gmail.com

PS: If you would like to discuss any of the issues contained in this letter please feel free to contact me on my email listed above ,otherwise , you can go to my blog (link below) and leave your comments.
http://zangodare.wordpress.com/2009/11/09/nigerianchurch/

http://zangodare.wordpress.com

Appendix A- List of Some of the Clergies copied

Pastor A.T. Williams
Pastor Adejare Popoola
Pastor Afolabi Oladele
Pastor Afolabi Samuel Coker
Pastor Agu Irukwu
Rev. Albert Aina
Rev. Dr Albert Odulele
Pastor Alloy Okechukwu
Pastor Amos Babajide Oyetuga
Pastor Andrew Adeleke
Pastor Anita Oyakhilome
Archbishop Anthony Okogie
Pastor Ayo Oritsejafo
Rev. B Durosimi-Etti
Pastor Babatunde Adebiyi
Pastor (Mrs.) Becky Unoarumhi
Pastor Ben Adewuyi
Prof. C. Olowola
Deaconess Ceceila Ibru
Pastor Charles Ojei
Pastor Charles Salako
Pastor Chiristopher Adetoro
Pastor Chris Ojigbani
Pastor Chris Okotie
Pastor Chris Oyakhilome
Christian Association of Nigeria
Christian Council of Nigeria
Pastor Colin Bruce Starr
Pastor D. Olowu
Dr. D.K Olukoya
Most Rev. Daniel Okoh
Pastor Daniel Uwaeme
Pastor David Ojelabi
Pastor David Olatona
Bishop David Oyedepo
Apostle Dele Johnson
Pastor Dele Oduntan
Pastor Dupe Afolabi
Pastor E.A. Adeboye
Pastor Elijah Oludele Abina
Evangelist Elishama Ideh
Pastor Emma Omon
Evang. (Dr). Emmah Isong
Pastor Emmanuel Iwuoha
Pastor Emmanuel John
Pastor Erastus Akingbola
Rev. (Dr.) Etukudoh
Pastor Femi Emmanuel
Pastor Femi Taiwo
Pastor Festus Adewole
Pastor Folarin Akinsola

The Revd. Canon Foluso Taiwo
Pastor Francis A. Tella
Bishop Francis Wale Oke
Minister Franklin Omoaghe
Full Gospel Business Mens’ Fellowship International, Nigeria
Rev. Mrs. Funke Adejumo
Deaconess Funke Adenuga
Apostle G.D. Numbere
Pastor Gbenga Fagbami
Brother Gbile Akanni
Rev. George Adegboye
Pastor Ghandi
Pastor Gladys Bawo Omamofe
Pastor Helen Ukpabio
Pastor Ibiye Iyalla
Pastor Isaac Temitope Olufoye
Pastor James Fadele
Pastor Joel Onyema Uzoma
Archbishop John O. Onaiyekan
Journalist For Christ
Pastor Kayode Adefina
Pastor Kayode Ijisesan
Pastor Kayode Owolabi
Pastor Kemi Ilori
Pastor Ken Egede
Pastor Kola Ayeni
Pastor Kola Ayeni
Pastor Kola Bamigbade
Pastor Kola Ewuosho
Bishop Kola Onaolapo
Pastor Kolawole Carew
Pastor Kunle Oladebo
Pastor Laolu Bamiteko
Pastor Lawrence Osagie
Bishop Margaret Idahosa
Pastor Matthew Ashimolowo
Pastor Mercy Arinze
Pastor Mike Dada
Bishop Mike Okonkwo
Pastor Mike Tomomewo
Pastor Modupe Afolabi
Pastor Niran Fafowora
Pastor Nkechi Anayo-Iloputaife
Pastor Nkem Emerald Osuigwe
Pastor Nma
Pastor Olatubosun Sowunmi
Pastor Olubode Olutunda
Pastor Oludare Akinbo
Pastor Oludare Ayeni

Pastor Olufemi Oyelowo
Pastor Olugbenga Adenuga
Pastor Olutayo Ojajuni
Pastor Omawumi Efueye
Pastor Oyonnude Kure
Pastor Paul Adefarasin
Pastor Paul Akazu
Rev. Paul Emeka
Pastor Paul F. Usman
Rev. (Dr.) Paul Jinadu
Pastor Paul Oloyede
Maj-General (Pastor) Paul Toun
Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria
The Most Reverend Peter .J. Akinola
Pastor Peter Oludare Oloso
Pastor Philip Aladesua
Rev. (Dr.) S. A. O. Oyelade
Pastor Sam Adeyemi
Prophet (Dr.) Samson Ayorinde
Prophet (Dr.) Samuel Abiara
Pastor Segun Kingsley
Pastor Segun Olatunde
Pastor Shola Adeaga
Dr. Sola Fola-Alade
Pastor Stella Babalola
Archbishop Sunday Makinde
His Eminence, Dr Sunday Mbang
Pastor Susan Somide
Pastor Tai Olamigoke
Pastor Taiwo Odukoya
Dr. Tayo Adeyemi
Pastor Tayo Ojajuni
Mrs. Titi Oluwatudimu
Pastor Tony Rapu
Pastor Tope Dosunmu
Pastor Tunde Bakare
Pastor Tunde Olorunwunmi
Pastor Tunji Akinola
Rev. Ucho Abel
Dr. Uma Ukpai
Pastor Victor Erhabor
Pastor W. Kumuyi
Pastor Wale Adefarasin
Pastor Wale Babatunde
Rev. (Dr.) Wilson Badejo
Pastor Yemi Balogun
Rev. (Dr.) Yinka Ojo
Pastor Yinka Somotun
Pastor Yomi Adeyemi
Bishop Yomi Isijola

We need a British Association for the Advancement of Black People

November 4, 2009 by zangodare

In 1905, William E.B. Du Boi and a group of other prominent African Americans gathered together at Fort Erie, near the Niagara Falls, to deliberate on the challenges and obstacles facing African Americans in the USA. This gathering led to the formation of the Niagara Movement, which later metamorphosed into the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. The NAACP mission is to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination.

In the United Kingdom, the black community also faces many challenges, which contribute to a continuous increase in the inequality gap between this community and the general population in most endeavors of life. In response to these challenges, obstacles and inequalities, a similar movement to the NAACP is needed in the United Kingdom. In short, we need to create a British Association for the Advancement of Black People (BAABP).

Despite the progress made over the years, the UK black community still faces many difficulties. Challenges such as educational under performance, health issues, inequality in the justice system, lack of economic empowerment, discrimination, breakdown of family structure cut across the spectrum of our community irrespective of age, gender or economic status.

Black people are more likely to be unemployed or underemployed in relation to the general population, even when they have the relevant skills and qualifications. The UK unemployment rate among black people is almost three times higher than the rate for the white population. In education, students from the black community are three times more likely to be excluded from school in comparison to white pupils. Moreover, black boys have the lowest levels of GCSE attainment in the country, with only 27 per cent of black Caribbean boys and 36 per cent of black African boys achieving five or more good GCSEs compared to 57 per cent nationally.

The situation is no different in the criminal justice system, where black people are over-represented at every stage of the system. Despite accounting for 2.7% of the total UK population, black people account for 8.5 per cent of those arrested in England and Wales and relative to their white counterparts are five times more likely to be remanded in prison, seven times more likely to be stopped and searched by the police and 50 per cent more likely to be referred through the criminal justice system. Furthermore, according to the Youth Justice Board, 9.2 per cent of young black people have been remanded in custody before receiving a disposal, compared with 4.6 per cent of white young people.

With regard to other issues, black people account for 10 per cent of mental health inpatients and are 44 per cent more likely to be sectioned under the 1983 Mental Health Act. Furthermore, the rising trend of teenage pregnancy, absent father figures, single homes, prevalence of HIV/AIDS, poverty, gang culture and teenage killings continue to ravage our community.

Currently, there is a diverse range of black voluntary and community groups set up to address difficulties facing our communities. These organizations have helped to raise awareness of the challenges and to mitigate their impacts. However, there is a limit to what these organizations can do individually primarily due to membership and funding constraints. These constraints partly explain their inability to influence public policy on black related issues. A broad based organization like the proposed BAABP could help in effectively mobilizing our community to tackle the challenges we face as a group.

The BAABP could be structured as a broad based civil and political rights organization with membership open to people within our community irrespective of age, social status or education. Existing black voluntary groups could be encouraged to join the BAABP as affiliate members, while still maintaining their existing structure. It is very important for these existing organizations to lend their support to the BAABP. People outside our community who are interested in seeking solutions to the impediments facing black people in the UK could be granted membership of the BAABP. Funding of the BAABP could come from individual members and contributions from corporate organizations, sponsorship and the hosting of special events.

To be effective, it would be important for church leaders, community organizers, artists, media practitioners, business executives, academics, politicians and other individuals within our community to lend their support to the BAABP. The BAABP could collaborate and support other black voluntary groups in advancing the cause of our community. In addition, to ensure continuity and to meet the needs and expectations of our young people, the BAABP membership should be fully inclusive and open to everyone in our community, whilst also engaging young people through mentorship, leadership, sponsorship and educational programmes. It should also strive to speak out and take action to reduce irresponsible behavior within our community.

The creation of a BAABP is imperative for several reasons:

•    Firstly, an organization that draws membership from a large pool within our community would give credence to our voice and assist us in developing a united front. This could potentially enable more attention to be given to the prejudice and inequalities faced by our community.

•    Secondly, the organization would enable our community to draw on its knowledge, skills and experience, thereby ensuring a collective approach to the solution of our challenges.

•    Thirdly, the organization would be able to more effectively use advocacy to advance the cause of our community and also influence public policies impacting our community.  This is particularly pertinent due to the black community usually being underrepresented in key policy discussions.

•    Fourthly, it would be effective in engaging with government on issues concerning our community, as the government and other authorities will have a focal point to liaise with when addressing black related issues.

The BAABP would need to focus on seven key areas essential to our community, which include education, family values, youth development, economic empowerment, justice, community development and political participation.  This is in addition to tackling other issues such as educating and engaging the public on perceived misconceptions regarding our community and dealing with health issues affecting our community.

I would like to address two tools that could be used by the BAABP in achieving its goals namely media relation and advocacy.

Among some sections of the British press, there appears to be an asymmetric media bias in reporting news and events concerning the black community. This is evidenced by the underreporting of news that projects the positive aspects of our community while over-reporting the negative aspects of our community. This asymmetric bias has a profound effect on people’s perception of the moral and intellectual compass of the black community. It also leads to the stereotyping of the black community, thereby potentially preventing people in our community from realising their full potential. The BAABP could engage in dialog with the media and take necessary actions to ensure a more balanced reporting concerning our community. By engaging with the media, it could eventually disabuse the generally perceived misconception regarding the UK black population.

The second tool that could be used is advocacy. The BAABP could represent the interest of the black community by advocating our position on political, economic, health, social and other issues. Currently, the voice of the UK black community is not heard partly due to our under-representation in politics, media and the justice system.  The BAABP could advocate the interest of the black community through the publication of position papers, white papers and commentaries on public policies and issues affecting our community. The BAABP could also engage in face-to-face meetings with politicians, other user advisory and industry groups. In addition to using advocacy to influence people and bodies outside our community, the BAABP could use advocacy to educate and influence positive change within our community.

However, despite the positive effects that a BAABP could offer, the creation of such an organization could potentially draw suspicion from some sections of the media, public and government. In order to allay such fears, it is important to emphasis what sort of organization the BAABP should not project. It should not be an organization that focuses solely on racism. It should not be an organization that suggests that all the challenges facing our community have been caused by the white community or establishment. This is very important, as a number of the problems facing our community are often self-inflicted. It should not create an atmosphere of suspicion of other communities and it should try to engage with other communities and help in improving race relations with other communities.

Furthermore, it is important to ensure that the organization is properly managed, especially as bad management has often been a bane for black oriented organizations. The BAABP should have unprecedented level of transparency especially in relation to funding. Moreover, it should be structured so that no particular group of people dominates the organization.

Finally, as we celebrate on both sides of the Atlantic the election of Barack Obama as the first black president of the USA, we should not forget that this historic milestone was achieved through the collective efforts of millions of African Americans.  In the face of slavery, segregation, lynching, and other degrading attacks, African Americans were able to overcome through their ability to organize themselves as a collective and united group. At the vanguard of the struggle were the NAACP and other grass root and civil rights organization, which addressed these inhuman acts.

Now is the time for the UK black community to be not only united, but to also speak with one voice. Now is the time for the UK black community to be not only resolute in the midst of our struggles, but to also seek a lasting solution to these challenges. Now is the time for our community to not only say that our destiny is in our hands, but to also act collectively. If there is any time for the creation of a British Association for the Advancement of Black People, NOW IS THE TIME.

As a Christian, I truly Believe That Britain Just Like Africa Needs God

November 4, 2009 by zangodare

by Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

I read with interest your article titled “As an Atheist, I truly Believe Africa Needs God”, which was published in the 28th of December 2008 edition of the Times Newspaper. Your article notes the contribution that Christian evangelism has brought to Africa. You also suggest that Christian Missionaries rather than aid are the solution to Africa’s biggest problem, which you describe as the crushing passivity of the people’s (Africans) mindset.

As an African Christian living in Britain, I agree with the overall theme of your article i.e. that Africa needs God, however, I disagree with your assumption of the passivity of the people’s (African) mindset. I also find the comments in the final paragraph of your paper i.e. “Removing Christian evangelism from the African equation may leave the continent at the mercy of a malign fusion of Nike, the witch doctor, the mobile phone and the machete.” quite aberrant.

While I will not address your comments regarding Africa referred to above, I would however, like to raise and answer the following questions in this paper

•    If Africa needs God so much, doesn’t Britain even need him more?
•    Are God’s benefits restricted only to Africa?
•    Is God not capable of changing our mindset  here in Britain?

In addressing these questions, I will focus on four Christian values.

Before, I address the above-mentioned questions, I would like to point out that what you have observed in Africa as a result of the impact of Christianity is not strange. The changed lives and attitude you observed is a result of the transforming power of the teachings of Jesus Christ, which results in a renewed mind and a transformed life. From the Scriptures, you will observe that everyone that had an encounter with Jesus Christ never remained the same and this transforming encounter still exists today and is available to anyone who is willing embrace Jesus Christ.

Britain has a very rich Christian heritage and through the efforts of a number of missionaries both past and present, it has brought the gospel message to the four corners of the world including Africa. However, in the past couple of decades, it appears that Britain is gradually becoming a ‘God-free zone’.

I strongly believe that Britain like Africa would be transformed if we embrace the values expounded in the Scriptures such as the teachings and actions of Jesus Christ, the epistle of Apostle Paul and the Ten Commandments among others.

What are some of these teachings/values?

Respect for parents/elders

In recent years, Britain has experienced a gradual breakdown in the relationship between parents and children in the family. An evidence of this breakdown is the lack of respect given to parents by the younger generation in a number of homes. The Scriptures makes it very clear that we should honor (respect) our parents and it advises us to treat those older than us with respect. In most parts of Africa, children are taught to respect their parents and elders right from their formative years and it is a taboo to treat ones parents with disrespect. However, this positive value appears to be lacking in a number of British homes. For instance, it is not unusual to see a six-year-old child swearing at his parents or teacher.

The discouragement of the discipline of children in schools and homes is a contributory factor to this lack of respect, which has also contributed to the rising incidence of gang culture, knife related crimes, teenage pregnancy etc. We are all witness to the disgraceful scenes we see on television of British youths loitering drunkenly on the streets of the UK and other European capitals late at night. These disgraceful scenes have given Britain a bad reputation throughout Europe.

By observing and implementing the Scriptural teachings on respect and discipline, the British Government can save lives and avoid the excessive spending on curbing anti-social behavior.

Non-violence

Jesus teaches us to love our neighbors just as we love ourselves and to forgive those that offend us. He also instructs us not to be violent. Furthermore, the Sixth Commandment commands people not to commit murder.

At present, the murder rate in the UK is one of the highest in Europe. A week hardly goes by without us hearing or reading about the murder of a teenage in London. Knife crime is increasing with almost 277 deaths from stabbings in England & Wales alone between 2007 and 2008. Violence in other areas is also on the increase with almost a hundred thousand women per year seeking treatment in London for violent injuries received in the home. In the UK, an average of two women die per week due to domestic abuse.

I believe that Britain could be really transformed if we embrace God’s value of love and forgiveness.


Reverence for the name of the Lord

God stipulates in the third Commandment that we should not take the name of the Lord for granted (in vain). However, partly due to the freedom expressed in Christianity, the Lord’s name appears to have been taken for granted here in Britain. It is common for people to swear using God’s name. Moreover, a number of blasphemous films about Jesus Christ have been produced and relayed in the media. In addition, books denouncing the name of the Lord have been written and are widely distributed. Recently a bus campaign took place in Britain with the slogan “There’s probably no God. Now stop worrying and enjoy your life.”

The misuse of the Lord’s name in Britain has many implications. One result has been rise in radical Islamic extremism. There is a popular saying that ‘if you do not respect yourself no one would respect you’. Similarly, a person that does not respect his religion should not expect other to respect his own religion. As mentioned earlier, Britain has a rich Christian heritage, however, due to the drift towards a ‘God free zone’, there appears to be a void. This void has enabled Islamic extremist to perceive Britain as a Godless nation, especially when they see how the name of the Lord is ridiculed. This therefore motivates them to impose their ideologies by whatever means available including the use of force.

One way to mitigate Islamic fundamentalism in the UK would be for the people to reverence the Lords name and Christian should be allowed to be more open about their faith. Recently, Tony Blair, the former Prime Minister stated that Christians should be proud of their Christianity and be able to express it as they wish.

Contentment

Britain as a society would benefit immensely by applying the biblical teaching on contentment as clearly stated in the tenth commandment, which states, “You should not covet your neighbors properties”. Furthermore, we can learn from the Apostle Paul in his letter to the Philippians in which he informed the people of how through God’s strength he had learnt to be content in whatever situation he found himself in.

Unfortunately, contentment is lacking in the modern British society. In the quest of ‘Keeping up with the Joneses’ a number of people have been caught in the debt trap by spending beyond their income and living beyond their means. The principle of delayed gratification is no longer relevant and this has resulted in the unnecessary build up of debt.

This lack of contentment has contributed to the recent economic crisis currently inflicting Britain, which is due mainly to unsustainable level of debt. Britain is currently the most indebted country in the developed world, with personal debt rising at the rate of a billion pounds every 5 minutes prior to the collapse of the credit bubble. As at August 2008, the total personal debt in the UK was in excess of  £1trillion.

If Britain is to avoid future housing and credit bubbles, we should adhere to God’s teaching on contentment and covetousness as espoused in the Scriptures.

Conclusion

In conclusion, just as you have noticed the drastic implication of removing Christian evangelism from Africa, I also draw a similar conclusion resulting from Britain’s continual drive towards a ‘God free zone’. In short, removing God from the British equation may leave Britain at the mercy of a malign fusion of the dagger, a Taliban regime, the empty vodka bottle, and an unused credit card.

The Determination of a Black Princess

November 4, 2009 by zangodare

Review by Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

On the Line (Queen of the Court-UK Edition)
By Serena Williams with Daniel Paisner
Grand Central Publishing

Hardcover: 272 pages

Determination, determination and determination. These three words come off each and every page of Serena Williams’ autobiography entitled ‘On the line’, which was released in September 2009 during the US Open Championship. The autobiography is an honest account of Serena’s journey, from her humble beginnings as a three year old struggling to grip a standard sized tennis racquet on the Compton tennis courts, to her triumph as an eleven times Grand Slam winning tennis icon.

The youngest of five children, Serena grew up along with her other sisters in Compton in Los Angeles. Her father Richard and her mother Oracene were hardworking African Americans who had a desire to make a better life for their children. As parents, they instilled in their children strong values and motivated them to believe in themselves.

Serena’s journey to the game of tennis began three years before her birth. In 1978, after watching the French Open champion Virginia Ruzici collect a cheque of $40,000, Richard Williams, who was surprised at the amount of prize money, became determined that he would produce daughters that would become global tennis icons. He told his wife: “we need to make two more kids and make them into tennis superstars”. Serena began her tennis training at the age of three, playing alongside her sister Venus under the watchful gaze of her self-trained father and mother. Her training regime involved training several hours a day on the dilapidated courts of Compton.

As the youngest of her siblings, Serena was used to having her way and was very naughty and rebellious. She sometimes struggled with her self-image as a youngster, as she did not feel she was on a par with her other sisters in terms of style, fashion and flair. Her sisters, however, were always caring and treated her like a princess.

The Serena story is incomplete without discussion of her relationship with her sister and tennis double partner Venus, who she describes as her best friend. Serena writes that in spite of her family’s belief in her capability during her formative years, outsiders, including players and the media, focused their attention on Venus. As a result Serena lived under Venus’ shadow for a long time. However, the underestimation of her abilities only motivated Serena to prove her detractors wrong. When a journalist suggested that Serena would only amount to a ‘footnote in Venus’ career’, Serena kept it the article, later stating: “I promised myself I’d never forget that article, that one day I’d prove the reporter wrong. It was a cruel thing to say, but I turned it into some more of that silent fuel”.

In spite of the one year and three months age difference between the two sisters, Serena describes Venus as being very protective of her. This is still evident today, as demonstrated in the recently concluded 2009 US Open in which Venus rose to Serena’s defence in response to the media questioning Serena’s outburst against the umpire during her semi-final game with Kim Clijster. Besides seeing Venus as a protector, Serena also sees Venus as a motivator. She writes: “Without Venus to lead the way, it would have taken me longer to get to where I wanted to be”.

If there is one defining characteristic that defines Serena, it is her resilience in the midst of adversity. For instance, during the final of the Indiana Wells tournament, despite being jeered by a hostile crowd throughout the match, Serena was able to overcome their verbal taunts to win the championship. “If Althea Gibson could fight her way through far worse, I had an obligation to fight through this. And not just fight – I had an obligation to prevail”, she writes with regards to her feelings during the match.

I had the opportunity to see a sample of Serena’s resilience in the midst of adversity during the 2007 Wimbledon Championship when she defeated Daniela Hantuchova despite collapsing in pain earlier in the match due to a serious calf injury.  What really amazed me in that match was her will power and determination to win the match even when the odds were against her.

When her boyfriend jilted her in 2002 she felt dejected. However, rather than play the sympathy card, she channeled her energy into her game, which resulted in her achieving her legendary Serena Slam between 2002 and 2003, winning the French, Wimbledon, US and Australian Championships in succession.

She also had to overcome a personal tragedy in the form of the loss of her elder sister Yetunde who she describes as having a giant heart.  This loss, coupled with a career threatening injury, resulted in a lack of motivation to play the game of tennis, culminating in a spate of inconsistent results between 2004 and 2006.

After entering the tennis wilderness for the first time in her career, Serena experienced a Damascus Road encounter during a trip to West Africa in November 2006. Like Obama, Mohammed Ali, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X before her, the visit to Africa enabled her to appreciate her heritage. “It put me in full mind of my heritage and my responsibility to that heritage”, she notes. Her visit to the notorious Cape Coast Slave Castle in Ghana was very meaningful to her. “I came away thinking I was part of the strongest race in human history. Someone else might have been depressed by what I’d just seen, but I chose to find the power in it, to be lifted by it”, she states regarding her experience at the castle.

Her return from the trip marked a turning point in her life both on and off the court. As she puts it, “Really, my entire mind-set changed as a result of that trip… there nothing that can break me. On the court. Off the court. Anywhere”. Since the trip her career has continued on an upward trajectory both on and off the court.

So, what lessons can be we learn from Serena? First, the road to success is often marked with sweat, blood and tears. Second, focus and determination are key ingredients to success.

Obama and Religion

November 4, 2009 by zangodare

by Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

22 October, 2008

My brothers and sisters in Christ,

Calvary greetings in Jesus name.

For the past one year, I have been keenly following developments in the forthcoming US election, which takes place on the 4th of November 2008. There are currently two formidable candidates contesting for the most powerful position in the USA, namely Barrack Obama and John McCain.

Despite not being a US Citizen or resident, I have stayed up late at night to watch the debates, campaign rallies, speeches etc.

However, I am concerned regarding recent developments in the presidential race. For long, I have remained silent and chosen not to comment on these developments. But now, I have reached a point whereby I feel it is necessary to voice my concern as I believe that public interest requires me to add a few comments regarding the question of Senator Obama’s suitability as a potential president of the USA from a biblical perspective.

Before I go any further, I would like to state that I am by HIS grace a born again Christian who has acknowledged and still acknowledges the Lord Jesus Christ as my Lord and Personal Saviour. I would also like to state that I was born into a Muslim family and I have a Muslim name, however, I am sold out to Jesus Christ. Furthermore, I am a supporter of Barrack Obama.

What is the issue that is I find quite disturbing? I have noticed that ever since Obama declared his interest to run for the highest post in the USA a number of religious leaders and some section of US Christian community are manipulating the scriptures to support what appears to be their political ideology. Unfortunately, Obama has been the subject of most of these assaults.

What are some of these assaults? Some question Barrack’s Christian faith due to his Islamic name and his Muslim origins (i.e. he was born into a Muslim family). Other argue that he is the anti Christ. For instance, there are currently emails and pictures going around the net suggesting Obama is the anti Christ. Also, in a recent John McCain campaign rally, a minister who was invited prayed that God should not let Obama win the election in order to protect his (God) reputation as millions of non-believers around the world were praying to their gods for Obama to win. Moreover, I recently read an article written by Rick Joyner in which he states that one way in which God judges a nation is to give them immature leadership. He then subsequently wrote that Obama is the most inexperienced presidential candidate in history and that “if we vote such inexperience into office during such a crisis (economic), we are under judgment as a nation”. Others argue that Obama is the most liberal presidential candidate.

Personally, I disagree with some of Obama’s policies such as his view on abortion and free trade in much the same way I disagree with George Bush’s invasion on Iraq and Sarah Palin’s support for gun rights. However, much emphasis has been on Obama’s policies while George Bush judgement in invading Iraq, which has resulted in the death of thousands of innocent US soldiers and Iraq civilians, has gone unquestioned. Furthermore, the gun right policy which Palin supports which has resulted in guns infiltrating the black community thereby exacerbating the black on black crime receives minimal condemnation. I am a strong believer of the saying “What is good  for the goose is good  for the gander”.

Here are my comments on some of the questions regarding Obama:

First on the issue of Obama’s Christian faith:

Obama professes to be a Christian; however his salvation is still questioned due to his Islamic roots. This touches a nerve, as like Obama, I also have Islamic roots. I was born into a Muslim household and gave my life to Christ several years ago. Though I still bear my Muslim name, I know that I am washed by the Blood of the Lamb and nothing can separate me from the love of God, which is in Jesus Christ. However, I would not be happy if my salvation was called to question just because of my Islamic roots. What has happened to the doctrine of Justification and Redemption?

Second – Obama the anti Christ:

Though I doubt that Obama is the antichrist, however, what seems surprising is the reason for this claim. Some claim that it is because he is charismatic; others say it is due to his message of change, while others argue that he came nowhere to challenge for the highest political position in the US. Despite these claims, there is no scriptural basis for this claim. Could this be a ploy to discourage Christian voters from voting for Barrack? Only time will tell.

Third on the issue of the issue of America being under God’s judgement if an inexperienced Barrack Obama is elected:

I find Rick’s comment very interesting. Agreed, sometimes an inexperienced leader could be used to judge a nation. Furthermore, an inexperienced leader could cause problems for a nation. However, the question to ask is what makes Barrack Obama inexperienced? Is it his age or the fact that he has not held any executive position before? Sometimes, the best candidate for a job is not the person with the most relevant experience, but a person who is confident, calm under pressure and committed to excellence. These are all traits which I believe Barrack Obama possesses. Furthermore, the Bible is full of young and inexperienced people who made a significant impact for their people and nation. Two cases come to mind.

First, David, the greatest King of Israel was a young shepherd tending to his sheep when God anointed him King of Israel. This was inspite of being the youngest and least experienced among his brothers. In addition, inspite not having the military experience of his brother, David was able to kill the giant Goliath and deliver Israel from the oppression of the Philistines. The second person in the Bible is Joseph, who like David was one of the youngest among his brothers. Despite being an official of Potiphar’s house and subsequently a prisoner, Joseph was still selected to become the Prime Minister of Egypt. From these two examples, it can be seen that the argument of Obama’s inexperience is without merit.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I would like to point out that as Christians, we should be wary of using the scriptures out of context to suit our political ideologies. If Christians want to vote for Republican, Democrat, Labour, Tory, Obama, McCain, Brown or Cameroon etc, then let’s focus on the issues at stake rather than use scriptures to support our political leanings especially as God’s kingdom is not an earthly one.

Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

22 October, 2008

Obama: Matters Arising

November 3, 2009 by zangodare

by Ahmed Sule

“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.”- Martin Luther King

“Rosa Parks sat so Martin Luther King could walk. Martin Luther King walked so Obama could run. Obama’s running so that our children can soar”-Anonymous

Feeling the warmth of his Grandmother’s arm upon his little shoulder, eight year old Bobby looked up and saw tears streaming from her eyes. As Juanita looked at her beloved grandson, she muttered “yes my son can aim for the stars; at long last the glass ceiling has been broken”. One thousand four hundred and nine miles away in Houston, Leroy James and Kevin Malcolm sat in front of the TV screen and smiled when Barack Hussein Obama finished delivering his acceptance speech. With raised glasses, they gave a toast in celebration of Obama’s victory. Looking at a picture taken with his father 45 years ago during the Martin Luther King Washington DC Civil Rights march, Leroy shouted “at long last the struggle was not in vain”.

On Tuesday, November 4th, 2008 at 11.03 pm Eastern Time, Barack Obama was elected the 44th President of the United States of America. By this nomination, Barack becomes the first African-American to be elected as a US President. When Obama steps into the White House on January 20th 2009, he will become the most powerful man in the world. The last black person to hold the position of the most powerful man in the world was Pharaoh Taharqo of Kush and Egypt who ruled from 690 to 664 BC. Pharaoh Taharqo’s sphere of influence covered parts of Africa, Asia and Europe.

Coincidentally, Obama’s victory occurred a couple of days after Lewis Hamilton became the first black person to win the Formula One Championship. Within a week, the glass ceiling of the most important political office in the world and one of the most thrilling sports in the world was broken.

Now that Obama has become the President Elect of the US, what lessons can we draw from his victory? What are the implications for us? What are the challenges ahead for us? There are several things we should take note of from Obama’s remarkable achievement.

Firstly, Obama’s nomination has created a new type of role model not only for the black race, but for all mankind. However, I would like to discuss the role as it relates to the black race. One of the key problems confronting the black race in certain parts of the world, particularly in Europe and to a lesser extent America, is the lack of positive role models for young people. This is partly due to the high level of unemployment of black men in Europe and a high level of imprisonment of black men in the US, in addition to lack of opportunities available to black people. As a result, our young people often look up to musicians, celebrities and sportsmen as positive role models. Unfortunately, a number of these role models have not lived up to people’s expectations.

A few months ago, I was at a party in London and while discussing with three kids, I asked them what they wanted to be when they grew up.  One said he wanted to be footballer, the other a singer and another wanted to be rich. With Obama’s recent success, people can now look up to him as a role model and dream bigger. However, the challenge for all of us now is to step in and also become positive role models for our young people.

Secondly, the ultimate glass ceiling has now been broken. It has often been argued in the black community that there is a glass ceiling and that certain positions cannot be attained by people of color. Are these claims true? To an extent, they are and to another extent, they are not. However, Obama’s nomination shows that whatever these glass ceilings are, it is only a matter of time before they will be eventually smashed. As black people, we know that even the sky is not the limit, as we can dream to go beyond the skies.

I recently took my two young nieces to watch the High School Musical 3 movie. During the film, there was a scene in which a teacher at the East High School asked the young students what they wanted to do after graduating. In response to the teacher’s question, Taylor McKessie, the African American student in the film, replied by saying that she wanted to go to Yale to study and after that one day become the President of the United States. Prior to the 4th of November 2008, this dream would have looked unachievable and unreasonable. How can a black female ever expect to become the president of the USA? However, with Obama’s victory, it is no longer an unachievable dream. After watching the movie, I brought this issue up with my eight year old niece and told her that she can aspire to be whatever she wants to be. She then told me that she always thought that one had to be a male before one could become president of the United States. I then told her that the tide is changing and that very soon the world will see a female President of the USA.

Thirdly, Barack Obama has now raised the bar for the entire black race.  Racism does however still exist and barriers, whether emotional, institutional or otherwise, are in place which makes it difficult for us to fulfill our potentials.  We should not use these barriers as excuses for failure or for not trying to excel. One way of overcoming racism and its other forms is hard work and excelling in whatever we do. This is what we can learn from Barack. By exhibiting the Spirit of excellence, which the Almighty God placed upon him, Obama was able to overcome all the obstacles that came his way. As a result, despite opponents trying to derail him by calling him elitist, arrogant, vague, the anti-christ, terrorist, Arab, Muslim, socialist, flip flopper etc, Obama’s excellence prevailed at the end of the day. Furthermore, focus was a key factor that worked in Obama’s favour. He had a vision he set out to achieve and worked until he eventually got to the “Promised Land” despite the many obstacles. The two key lessons to learn from this are we should aim for excellence in whatever we do and also focus on our vision whilst not being derailed by obstacles that are put in our path.

The fourth key point is that Obama was able to get to the White House partly due to the support that he received from the black community. The black community spoke with one voice and worked earnestly to ensure that Obama won. Initially, the black community was skeptical when Obama decided to run for the White House. Eventually, Obama won the hearts and mind of the black community and there was then no turning back. . As a result, there was an unprecedented turnout among black voters, with Obama capturing 95% of the black votes.

However, a major problem plaguing the black community is the lack of unity. In the US, the issue is African immigrants vs. African Americans; in Nigeria the issue is the Yoruba’s vs. the Igbo’s vs. the Hausa’s (in various combinations). In London the issue is the African’s vs. the Caribbean’s or the Black immigrants vs. the Black British. In most parts of Africa, tribalism has resulted in wars, genocide etc.

It is time for us to forget our differences and look at the things that unite us rather than divide us. No longer should it matter whether you are Yoruba, Kikuyu, Tutsi, Igbo, African American, Jamaican, Zulu etc. United we stand, divided we fall. As blacks, we all have our roots in Africa. Let us remember the words of the great Ghanaian president Dr Kwame Nkrumah:

“AFRICA IS ONE CONTINENT, ONE PEOPLE AND ONE NATION”

The fifth key point is that in order to get to where he is Obama has had to climb on the shoulders of those before him. As the saying goes, ‘Rome was not built in a day’. It has taken the sacrifice of thousands of people who suffered beatings, insult, rejection and even death to pave the way for Obama. Where would we be today if Rosa Parks stood up when asked to vacate her seat for a white passenger? Where would we be today if Tommie Smith and John Carlos did not raise their hands to give the black power salute during the 1968 Olympics Award ceremony? Where would we be today if Mohammed Ali kept quiet? Where would we be today if Nelson Mandela had not stood up to the apartheid regime in South Africa? Where would we be today if Malcolm X and Martin Luther King had not sacrificed their lives in order to fight for the rights of the African Americans?  Finally, where would we be today if the plaintiffs in Brown vs. Board of Education had not gone to court to challenge racial segregations in schools?

The sixth key point is that Obama has brought pride to the black race. For the first time in many years, a black face is on the front of the newspaper in every part of the world solely for positive reasons. The last time I can recollect a similar thing happening was in 1990 when Nelson Mandela was released from prison. Between these years and the years preceding 1990, most reports regarding the black race has been related to famine, wars, aids, poverty, corruption, gang violence and crime etc. Admittedly, there are a lot of issues confronting the black race, however I believe that there are other positive things relating to our culture which appear to have been under-reported in the Western press. Hopefully, the rest of the world will begin to realize that something positive can come from the black race.

Obama has also helped to dispel the racial stereotypes of African Americans. Blacks are often stereotyped as aggressive, lazy, ugly, athletic, musically talented, strong, lacking in intelligence and organizational skills, and the list goes on. These stereotypes which are driven by ignorance still persist today. However, now that Obama has captured the spotlight, hopefully, there would be a rethink of these perceptions and eventually these should hopefully disappear.

The seventh key point is that Obama has proven that what matters most is not how rich one is, but the positive contribution one makes for the benefit of mankind. Unfortunately, some people in our community believe that money is an ends to a means, rather than a means to an end. In this quest for wealth, people are ready to do anything even if it affects others negatively. In Africa, our leaders have looted the treasury in order to acquire wealth at the expense of the general population. Emphasis is on material possession and gain. However, a lot is to be learnt from Barack. What really matters to Obama is the positive change that he can bring to his world.

The eighth key point worth noting is that Obama has built bridges in order to achieve this success. He built an all inclusive campaign comprising people from all different walks of life, colour, gender and age. The importance of reaching out to people who are different from us cannot be overemphasized.

The ninth key point is that the current presidential election revealed the importance that young people can play in championing change. By getting young people involved in his campaign, Obama was able to inject a new lease of life into the campaign process. It is very important for the older generation to realize that despite their years of experience, there are still things that can be learned from young people.

Does this mean that now Obama has been elected President, all the problems confronting the black race have been resolved? Does it mean that racism has ended or that the negative perception towards our race will change? Of course not. We are on a journey to a promised land; though we have come from far, we still have a future and a hope. When we look back at where we are coming from, we see progress and when we look forward to where we are going, we see victory. Let Obama’s feat challenge us to overlook the obstacles we face and aim for the stars.

In conclusion, Obama’s election marks the beginning of a glorious era for the black race. Hopefully, other doors which have been shut will now begin to open through our hard work, commitment to excellence and God’s guidance. So let us remember the words of Nelson Mandela that “Obama’s victory has demonstrated that no person anywhere in the world should not dare to dream of wanting to change the world for a better place”.

So:
when they tell us that we cannot be the CEO of a FTSE 100 company, we shall say
YES WE CAN

when they tell us we cannot have a female President occupying the White House, we shall say
YES WE CAN

when they tell us that an African country cannot win the World Cup, we shall say
YES WE CAN

when they tell us that nothing good can come out of our children, we shall say
YES WE CAN

when they tell us that Africa cannot rise again, we shall say
YES WE CAN

when they tell us that we cannot have a black British Prime Minister, we shall say
YES WE CAN

So let us all say

YES WE CAN; YES WE CAN; YES WE CAN

Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA
November 2008

Myths and Facts Regarding Venus and Serena Williams

November 3, 2009 by zangodare

By Ahmed Sule

Ever since Venus and Serena turned professional in 1994 and 1995 respectively, they have set the tennis world alight. Between them they have won a total of fifteen Grand Slam ladies single titles and seven Grand Slam women doubles titles in addition to several other titles including two gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympics.

However, despite their contributions to the game of tennis, the sisters are one of the most underrated, unappreciated and disliked figures in the game and have been subject to various negative commentaries and debates from a cross section of tennis pundits, players and fans.

This paper discusses some of the most common myths regarding the Williams sisters and separates the facts from falsehood.

Myth#1: The Williams sisters’ recent success is due to the retirement of top grade players like Justine Henin, Kim Clijsters etc.

Fact: Even when these players were on the circuit, the Williams sisters were still winning championships. Here are the facts: Justin Henin career started in 1999 and ended in 2008, during that time, Venus won six Grand Slam women’s title, while Serena won eight Grand Slam titles. Furthermore, Serena also has a superior head to head win/loss ratio against Justin Henin of 7 to 6. During Kim Clijsters playing career Serena and Venus won eight and five Grand Slam titles respectively. Serena also has a 7-1 win loss record against Kim

Myth#2: Matches between Serena and Venus are fixed.  This issue has been subject to intense debate among tennis lovers and was recently mentioned by Elena Dementieva at the recently concluded 2008 Wimbledon Championship.

Fact: The sisters have met in the final of seven Grand Slams in the last nine years. The matches between the sisters tend not to be as exciting as against other opponents they meet in the final. However, there is a reason for this and it is definitely not due to match fixing.

In the black society, the family structure plays a significant role in the development of the individual and community. There is a strong family bond that is very difficult to break by people, issues and circumstances external to the family. This is prevalent in most black communities including Africans, African Americans and Caribbean’s. If you look at a number of black personalities you will notice the role family plays in their lives. For instance, Tiger Woods always looked up to his father for support when competing in key tournaments. Lewis Hamilton’s father and brother make it a point of duty to attend every race that he competes in. At his recent victory at the British Grand Prix, Lewis mentioned that his family was of such help to him in winning the race. Furthermore, Barack Obama (the presumptive Democratic nominee in the forthcoming US election) always emphasis the importance of family values and has the strong backing of his family. Without the family structure in the black society, it is difficult for the black community to stand.

As a result of the above, sibling rivalry is not usually encouraged in the black community as family comes first. So when the Williams sisters meet in a final, both players undergo a lot of emotional pain, as they do not want to see the other hurt should one of them win. It is therefore difficult for each of them to be motivated to play at the highest level of their game. Infact, I as a black man who was at Wimbledon to watch the final, felt uncomfortable supporting any of the sisters in the final as I understood the pain that each of the sisters would be going through during that final.  When Venus won the match, she was very cautious in her celebration as she did not want to upset her little sister. Furthermore, their father had to fly back to America during the final as he could not bear the sight of seeing his two daughters competing in the final of the Wimbledon event.

It is for this reason and no other reason that the matches between the sisters does more often than not does not often meet up to the expectation of the crowd.

Myth#3: Venus success at Wimbledon is due to the short two week break between the French Open and Wimbledon.

Fact: Venus like other players in the circuit competes in both the French and Wimbledon Championship; as a result, she faces the same level of fatigue that other players are subjected to. Infact, it is even tougher for Venus as she also competes in the doubles at Wimbledon. For instance, in this years Wimbledon, Venus and Serena had to play almost every day during the fourteen day Championship as they ended up playing 13 matches each despite the fact that they both competed in the French Open two weeks earlier.

Myth#4: Venus Williams is ineffective in other courts besides Wimbledon

Fact: Wimbledon is the greatest Grand Slam event in the world and if a player can excel in it by winning it five times, then she must be regarded as one of the greatest players of all times.

Venus has won a total of seven Grand Slam ladies singles title out of which two were won outside of Wimbledon. She has also won two mixed double titles at the Australian and French Open. She has won seven Grand Slam ladies double titles, out of which four were won outside Wimbledon. She has also won two Olympic gold medals in the ladies single and ladies double event at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. In total, Venus has won thirty seven single ladies titles out of which twenty two of these were won on hard courts, seven on clay, and five on grass (Wimbledon) and three on carpet surfaces. These victories clearly demonstrate that Venus is not only effective at Wimbledon, but she is effective on other surfaces.

Myth#5: The Williams sister have had an easy ride because they have spent a significant amount of time outside tennis (through injury or to pursue other interests), which gives them an advantage when they resume back.

Fact: The sisters have obviously had their fair share of timeout of the tennis circuit which has been often been due to either injury or to pursue other interests outside of tennis such as fashion, acting etc.

However, for sportsmen and women, it is often difficult to make a comeback after sustaining an injury or spending time out of the sports that they excel at. This is due to two reasons, first the other competitors would have been playing regularly (during the absence of the top sportsman or woman) and have the opportunity to hone on their skills and improve on their weak areas.  Second, the returning sports person will be a bit rusty upon return. Therefore, the absence of the Williams sisters outside of the tennis circuit actually puts them at a competitive disadvantage relative to their other peer. How the sisters are able to come back after a long lay out is a testament to their tenacity. In 2006 for instance, Serena was out of the tennis circuit for most of the year due to injury; as a result, her ranking plummeted from number 11 to 139. However, she made a comeback and despite entering the 2007 Australian Open as an unseeded player, she won the tournament by crushing the top seeded Maria Sharapova in two straight sets in the final.

Myth#6: The Williams sisters have made the ladies tennis game boring through their use of their power serves and aggressive approach to the game. They grunt like animals and perhaps should just compete in the men’s circuit.

Fact: The Williams sisters are not the only female players that make noises when they play; as a result, it is unfair for them to be singled out for condemnation. It is on record that Maria Sharapova, who is adored by most tennis loving fans, has the loudest grunt in women’s tennis of around 100 decibels. What generates this noise is the sudden release of energy and as offensive baseliners, it is only natural for the Williams sisters to shout.

Furthermore, players such as Steffi Graf, Monica Seles and crowd favourite Sharapova all make use of power in their game. The Williams play to their strength, so no one should begrudge them for that.

The headlines listed below have been used by the media to describe most of the sister’s successes on the court:

“Venus, Serena ride ‘power tennis’ into semis”
“Venus & Serena Williams power into Wimbledon semifinals”
“Williams sisters power through”
“Venus Williams’s Power Proves Too Much for Seles”
“Venus Williams too strong for Russian teenager Alisa Kleybanova”
“Venus powers into Wimbledon final”
“Venus too strong for Brit”
“Venus Williams too strong for Clijsters”
“Williams Too Strong For Sharapova”
“Williams too strong as injury undermines Mauresmo”
“Sweet and sour for Zheng as Serena powers on to the final”

However, listed below are the headlines used to describe the successes of other tennis players:

“Sharapova rallies to reach WTA semi-final”
“Wimbledon: Maria Sharapova sets new trend”
“Sensational Sharapova wins Australian Open”
“Jankovic wins battle worth the money”
“Brilliant Sharapova hammers Henin”
“The Magnificent, Delightful, Ivanovic Wins French”
“Maria Sharapova raises her game”
“Hantuchova wins second tour title”
“Ivanovic loving life at number one after barely breaking sweat in first round clash”
“Serbian sensation Ivanovic rockets into third round”

The headlines attributed to Serena and Venus often ignores the fact that these girls are great athletes and skilled tennis players. Rather than making the ladies game boring, the sisters have raised the bar of ladies tennis, which has resulted in other ladies having no choice but to improve. This has made the game more exciting.

It is time for the Williams sisters to be appreciated for their intelligence, knowledge of the game and skills rather than being described as physically strong and powerful.

Myth#7: The Williams sisters do not take the tennis game serious enough as they usually take time out of the circuit.

Fact: The Williams pursue other interest outside of tennis such as acting, fashion etc. Infact Venus has her own fashion range and recently completed a degree in fashion. The sisters do not have a one-dimensional attitude towards tennis and are well rounded individuals who have a life outside of tennis. However, despite all of these other interests, the sisters still take their game of tennis much more seriously than most of the other players in the current circuit.  This is evidenced by their longevity as they have been around for over a decade and while those who started with them have since retired, the sisters are still waxing strong and have no intention of leaving the sports in the foreseeable future.

Myth#8: The Williams Sisters have an undue advantage relative to other ladies due to a) their style of play and b) time taken out of tennis.

Fact: The offensive baseline style of both sisters is just one tennis strategy among many other strategies that could be adopted. As a result, there tennis style has its advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantage of their style is available to be exploited by opponents adopting other strategies.
Rather than having an undue advantage, the Williams sisters more often than not have had to face several significant obstacles on the path to greatness.

For instance, they have often played tennis matches in front of hostile crowds. For instance during a semi-final match at the Ericsson Open at Indian Wells, Serena was booed throughout her match against Kim Clijsters. Furthermore, during the 2003 Semi Final French Open match between Serena and Justine Henin, majority of the crowds laughed and jeered at Serena’s whenever she made a mistake, furthermore, she was even booed whenever she made double faults. The hostility of the crowd left Serena weeping and she said after the match “It was just a tough crowd out there today, I’m not used to crying. It’s a little difficult. All my life I’ve had to fight. So it’s just another fight I’m going to have to learn how to win. I’ve got to just keep smiling.”

Furthermore, Venus was recently diagnosed with anemia. As a result, she did not participate in many competitions prior to the commencement of the 2008 Wimbledon Championship relative to her peers. However, despite her condition, she was still able to win the ladies title for a fifth time.

Myth#9: The sisters have not made much contribution to the game of tennis

Fact: Apart from their contribution on the court as exemplified by the various titles won etc, they have also made contribution off the court.

Being African Americans, the sisters have succeeded in attracting a number of black people around the world to the game of tennis. Their success has also generated interest among people from less privileged backgrounds who previously had seen tennis as a game dominated by the affluent in the society.  As a result, the game of tennis is better of with the diversity that the sisters have brought to the game.

Venus Williams played a major part in ensuring that ladies got equal pay with men at the Wimbledon Championship, by continuing with the work of earlier pioneers such as Billie Jean King, Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert. In 2005, Venus met with officials of the French Open and Wimbledon arguing that ladies should be paid the same as men. She then wrote an article in the Times in 2006 titled “Wimbledon has sent me a message: I’m only a second-class champion” in which she argued that the inequality diminishes the value that the tournament places on ladies. Eventually, the pay disparity at Wimbledon was cancelled.

Ahmed Sule

Credit Crunch Time for the Gingerbread Man

November 3, 2009 by zangodare

Credit Crunch Time for the Gingerbread Man
By Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA

Since the bursting of the housing bubble, which started in August 2007, the impact of the economic downturn continues to worsen by the day.  So far, financial institutions and other investors have lost billions of dollars, a number of financial institutions have gone into liquidation, and many thousands of jobs have been lost. It is possible to draw parallels between the circumstance surrounding the credit crunch and that of the English fairy tale of the Gingerbread Man.

The fairy tale begins with a hungry, elderly couple shaping gingerbread dough into the shape of a man, which they then bake for their dinner. Later, the couple opens the oven to eat the Gingerbread Man however much to their surprise it comes alive and runs away from them, teasing them as he runs to “run, run run as fast as you can, you can’t catch me I’m the Gingerbread Man!”  After outpacing his creators, the Gingerbread Man runs into the woods, running past a pig, cow and horse as he does so.  He is able to use his blistering pace to stay ahead of all of his pursuers, which now include the three animals. When the Gingerbread Man approaches a river he requests the assistance of a fox to take him across to the other side in order to escape. The fox suggests that the Gingerbread Man jumps on its tail and then takes him across the river. Sensing a kill, the fox recommends that the Gingerbread Man sits on its nose and after a few meters swimming, it tosses the Gingerbread Man into the air and swallows him.

This fairy tale is in many respects a fitting metaphor to describe the unfolding financial crisis, in particular with regard to developments in structured finance that triggered the crisis, the under-estimation of the risks attached to the use of these structured products and the immediate impact and subsequent effects of the implosion of these products that have exacerbated the crisis.

In the last 20 years, a great deal of progress has been made by financial institutions in the use of securitization techniques to group and repackage cash flows from pools of fixed-income assets and then distribute these to a broad range of investors. Prior to the wide spread use of securitization and credit derivatives, banks would create mortgage loans and then retain the credit risk of these loans on their balance sheets until the loans matured or were paid off. As securitization became more widely used, banks were able to offload the credit risks of these Asset Backed Securities to other investors. This process freed up the banks’ capital, thus enabling banks to restructure and redistribute further pools of mortgage and other loans. At the heart of this securitization were the Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS), whose cash flows are backed by the principal and interest payments of a set of mortgage loans. The majority of these mortgage loans were subprime mortgages, which are granted to borrowers with poor credit profiles. Through the use of the securitization model, banks were able to generate high fees and profits as the MBS were packaged into higher rated tranches and distributed internationally to investors at a higher price than the underlying assets.

In many ways the Gingerbread Man, who ended up becoming too complex and quick for his creators to manage, reflects these products, which also quickly became too complex and opaque even for the issuers of these MBS.  The opacity of these products ensured that the issuers under-priced the risk of the subprime loans, which led to high-risk borrowers gaining further access to subprime loans. In addition, lending standards on these subprime loans became less stringent as the credit risks were no longer borne by the issuer of the MBS. Moreover, it became difficult to identify were the credit risk lay. Well respected investors such as Warren Buffet, who warned against the impending disaster from the use of these highly complex financial instruments, were regarded as old fashioned and were criticized for not keeping up with the pace of modern day finance.

Credit rating agencies, regulators and investors were outmaneuvered by the complex structured products issued by these financial institutions, in a way which mirrors the Gingerbread Man outmaneuvering and outpacing the pig, the cow and the horse. Credit rating agencies (CRA) play an important role in structured finance, as they issue independent opinions regarding the likelihood that the cash flows from the underlying pool of assets will be sufficient to service the claims associated with particular tranches. However, partly because of the opacity of these instruments, the CRA failed to identify the risk inherent in these toxic MBS. As a result, the CRA understated the risk in these instruments. For example, as at the end of September 2008, Standard & Poor downgraded 67% of its original investment grade U.S. MBS subprime issuance ratings. Critics argue that CRA’s were influenced by issuers of MBS to issue favorable ratings so as to improve the marketability of the debt instrument for the issuers.  It is worth noting here that CRA’s are paid by the issuers of the MBS securities, which they are supposed to rate.

The financial regulators, which work to ensure that the activities of financial institutions do not threaten financial stability, were also outmaneuvered by the complexity of the toxic MBS issued by the financial institutions, as were the central banks.  . In the US, the Federal Reserve and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) who have responsibility for the oversight of the financial institutions failed to identify the risk inherent in the prevalent use of these structured debt instruments. In addition, financial institutions were able to escape capital regulatory constraints through the use of off-balance sheet vehicles, which encouraged banks to use leverage to generate huge profits. Moreover, the regulators failed to identify the predatory lending practices of financial institutions outlined earlier.

Due to the complexity of these instruments, there appears to have been a knowledge gap between the issuers of these MBS securities and the regulators who were supposed to supervise the issuers. For example, BOE admitted that the growing sophistication of the financial market made it difficult to manage monetary policy and that it needed to improve its understanding of the financial market. Furthermore, the Financial Services Authority (FSA) admitted that it failed to monitor Northern Rock prior to the credit crisis and that it needed to improve its supervisory practices.

Apart from regulators and CRAs, investors were also outrun by the structured products which they bought from financial institutions. Investors such as pension funds, insurance companies, hedge funds and foreign central banks bought these MBS partly because the low interest rate environment of the last decade motivated investors to search for higher yields. These investors were unable to understand the risk of these toxic debt instruments due to their complexity and opacity. As a result, once the underlying subprime loan asset supporting the structured products began to deteriorate due to rising defaults, foreclosures and falling house prices, investors exposed to the related MBS incurred significant losses running to billions of dollars.

After outwitting everyone, the Gingerbread Man reached a dead end, which ultimately impaired his ability to run faster. A similar moment occurred in the financial sector from August 2007, when the excesses created by mortgage securitization began to unwind. Prior to August 2007, subprime borrowers began defaulting on their loans thereby resulting in a rise in foreclosures. With rising US mortgage defaults on the underlying subprime loans impacting the value of the MBS, it became apparent that financial institutions and other investors around the world were holding these toxic assets. From August 2007, financial institutions began to aggressively mark down the value of its collaterized debt holdings. As at September 2008, the value written down since the bursting of the housing bubble in August 2007 amounted to approximately $600 billion. The scale of the losses depleted the capital base of a number of financial institutions, thereby resulting in a curtailment of lending activities. This led to an increase in the cost of credit resulting from credit curtailment, which subsequently resulted in further defaults by borrowers and eventually further write-downs by the financial institutions of their MBS holdings.

Due to poor risk management, financial institutions inaccurately measured the tail risk, which includes events with catastrophic consequences which rarely occur. As a result, financial institutions, as with the Gingerbread Man who took a ride on the fox’s tail, underestimated the tail risk of its super-senior tranche MBS exposure.

At the conclusion to the Gingerbread Man fairy tale the cunning fox tosses up the Gingerbread Man and eats him. In a similar way, since 2007 a number of financial institutions have ceased to exist as independent entities. Of the five independent US investment banks that existed before the crisis, only two remain independent. Furthermore, of the ten independent UK building societies that demutualised between 1989 and 2000 none exists as an independent institution as of today.  Moreover, a number of financial institutions such Lehman Brothers, Indy Mac, New Century and dozens of US regional and mortgage banks have failed. Institutions like Northern Rock, AIG, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Bradford & Bingley have been taken over by government. In addition, others such as Bear Sterns, HBOS, Washington Mutual, Wachovia, and Countrywide Financial have been taken over by bigger rivals.

After all the dust has settled from this credit crunch, what does the future hold for the surviving financial institutions? In the computer animated Shrek version of the Gingerbread Man fairy tale, Lord Farquaad, the ruler of the castle of Duloc, breaks both legs of the Gingerbread Man, thereby preventing him from running. Unfortunately for the Gingerbread Man, one of his broken legs is crushed into pieces. Similarly, in the real world, government and regulators are under growing pressure to tightly regulate financial institutions in order to reduce the risk these institutions could pose to financial stability. For example, the European Union is now proposing to increase and strengthen the supervision of cross-border banking groups, in addition to requiring banks to face tougher capital requirements. Furthermore, the bonus culture, which fuelled excessive risk taking in most of these financial institutions, is now under review with the FSA suggesting that plans are underway to curb bonuses based on short term deals that have no relationship to long term performance. Also, with the signing of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act into law a few days ago, the US Congress is now preparing to legislate for a regulatory overhaul that could give the Federal Reserve additional regulatory powers.

Once the credit crisis is over and financial institutions become more tightly monitored and controlled, it will be essential for government and regulators to avoid complacency. If complacency does occur, there is a risk that the situation could be compared to the sequel of the Shrek movie in which the Gingerbread Man re-grows part of his missing leg and also gets a younger brother, who is several times larger than he is.

A Perspective on the Ghanaian Election and Western Media Coverage

November 3, 2009 by zangodare

As an African based in the UK, I have been a keen follower of happenings in my beloved continent. It should therefore be no surprise that I was excited and eager to monitor the Ghana presidential election which took place in Ghana on the 7th of December 2008.

As no clear winner emerged during the 7th of December 2008 presidential election, a run-off election took place on the 28th of December 2008 between Professor John Atta Mills of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) and Nana Akufo-Addo of the New Patriotic Party (NPP). Eventually, after a few days, Professor John Atta Mills was declared the winner on January 3rd 2009 by a slim margin of less than 1%.

It has been well documented that relative to other parts of the world, Africa has not had a smooth democratic evolution. This can be evidenced by the high incidence of electoral fraud, political violence and disputes, one –party rule,   military rule etc. Recently, countries such as Kenya, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe have had their elections marred by some of the above mentioned cases.

Contrary to other elections held in Africa, the Ghanaian election was a success for several reasons. First it was almost incident free, second, despite losing by a slim margin, the NPP accepted the result in good faith, and third, an opposition party defeated an incumbent party (a rarity in African politics). In summary, the outcome of the election serves as a model for other countries within the continent.

The purpose of my letter is not to discuss the intricacies and implication of this election for Africa, but rather to comment on the limited coverage given to this remarkable event in Africa’s democratic evolution by majority of the Western media.

A number of African’s living in the West have observed that little or no coverage was given to this election by majority of the Western print and broadcast media. Admittedly, there has been some coverage in some papers such as the recent editorial that appeared in the January 7th edition of the Financial Times etc, however, compared to news coverage relating to prior election in the continent, the general coverage for this election was grossly under-reported by Western media networks.

I would not have commented if the news coverage was similar to other elections conducted within the African continent. Neither would I have commented if news emanating from the continent was considered to be of little relevance to viewers in this part of the world.

Why then am I commenting on this election? Well, I have observed that there appears to be an asymmetric media bias among some section of the Western press in relation to news emanating from Africa.  As a follower of news event around the world, I have noticed that most reported African news by the Western media is skewed towards the negative image of the continent. Whenever any headline news comes out of Africa, it is usually related to areas such as:

•     Famine
•    Poverty
•    Prevalence of HIV/Aids
•    War
•    Corruption and fraud
Some people may argue that elections in Africa are not newsworthy events. If this is the case, then how can one explain the amount of coverage that was given during the ill-fated December 2007 elections in Kenya which resulted in violence and allegations of rigging? Furthermore, hardly a week goes by in some Western countries without mention of the Zimbabwean election and the activities of Robert Mugabe’s regime to hold onto power at all cost etc.

Below are examples of African electoral news coverage relayed in the Western press in the past couple of years:

“Scores dead in Kenya poll clashes”;
“Kenya poll violence deaths hit 300″;
“Violence Grips Kenya after Contested Vote”
“Confusion mars Nigeria election”;
“Militias ‘to rig Zimbabwe poll”;
“Zimbabwe opposition fail to unite”;

Would the coverage given to the Ghanaian election have been more pronounced, if the election was rigged? Would the coverage given to the Ghanaian election have been more pronounced, if Ghanaians started to kill each other? Would the coverage given to the Ghanaian election have been more pronounced, if the losing party contested the result in the court of law? Would the coverage given to the Ghanaian election have been more pronounced, if international observers concluded that the election was not fair? Would the coverage given to the Ghanaian election have been more pronounced, if it had resulted in a civil war? If not, then why has so little coverage been given to this election?

Admittedly, it is important and good that issues such as injustice, poverty, corruption etc have been brought to the forefront by the Western media as these issues have the potential of going unnoticed. However, as the saying goes, there are always two sides to a coin .I strongly believe that some of the positive image of the continent besides being an attractive place to see the wild life and get close to nature should also be showcased by the Western media networks.

Finally, I agree that Africa faces a lot of challenges and there are a lot of things that are not right in the continent, however, if the negative perception towards Africa is to change, all hands must be on deck. On one hand, Africa has a role to play to ensure that self inflicted problems are sorted out, while on the other, those outside of Africa should create an enabling environment that would help dispel misconceptions about the continent.  In this regard, the Western media has a role to play by providing more balanced coverage of the continent by showcasing both the ‘good, the not so good and the ugly’ of the continent rather than just the ‘bad and the very bad’ of Africa. This is especially important as the media play an important role in bringing awareness in any society.

Ahmed Olayinka Sule, CFA
January 2009.